Saccone PowerPoint Chapter 02 Evidence for Evolution.

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Presentation transcript:

Saccone PowerPoint Chapter 02 Evidence for Evolution

Saccone PowerPoint

Evolutionary Tree

Saccone PowerPoint Evidence of Evolution Observations supporting the theory of organic evolution can be made through the study of: 1. Geologic record 2. Comparative Cytology, Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Embryology

Saccone PowerPoint

(A) Geologic Record 1.Earth is between 4.5 to 5 billion years old (age was determined by radioactive dating of rocks) 2.Fossils- are the remains of traces of organisms that no longer exist. Fossils have been preserved in ice, sedimentary rock, amber, and tar

Saccone PowerPoint 3. Other fossils have been formed from petrification, a process by which the tissues are gradually replaced by minerals that produce a stone replica of the original material 4. Imprints, casts, and molds of organisms or parts of organisms are frequently found in sedimentary rock 5. In undisturbed layers (strata) of sedimentary rock, the lower strata contain old fossils while the upper strata contain younger fossils

Saccone PowerPoint

Archaeopteryx

Saccone PowerPoint

Tyrranosaurus rex

Saccone PowerPoint (B) Comparative Anatomy 1.Evidence supports that similarities of basic structures exist between different organisms 2.Homologous structures are anatomical parts found in different organisms in origin and structure. 3.The presence of such homologous structures suggest that these organisms have evolved from a common ancestor

Saccone PowerPoint

(B) Comparative Anatomy Australopithicus afarensis Homo sapiens Pan troglodytes

Saccone PowerPoint How does the # of Giraffe “neck bones” compare to yours?

Saccone PowerPoint Comparative Anatomy

Saccone PowerPoint Comparative Anatomy

Saccone PowerPoint (C) Comparative Embryology Although certain adult organisms may be different from each other, a comparison of the earl stages of their embryonic development may show similarities that suggest a common ancestor

Saccone PowerPoint Comparative embryology

Saccone PowerPoint Comparative embryology

Saccone PowerPoint (D) Comparative Cytology 1.All living things are made up of cells 2.Cell organelles including the cell membrane, ribosome's, and mitochondria are structurally and functionally similar in most organisms

Saccone PowerPoint Mitochondrion DNA & Chloroplast DNA can replicate by themselves. Comparative Cytology

Saccone PowerPoint (E) Comparative Biochemistry All living things contain similar biochemical compounds Examples would include: structure and function of DNA, RNA, and proteins (including enzymes) are similar in all organisms

Saccone PowerPoint DNA Hybridization

Saccone PowerPoint DNA Hybridization

Saccone PowerPoint DNA Hybridization shows that the Red panda & the Giant Panda are related as a result of convergent evolution.

Saccone PowerPoint Industrial Melanism

Saccone PowerPoint