Early Exploration and Colonization

Objective #1 Analyze the changing world situation and its impact on the colonization effort in America.

Objective #2 Identify and explain reasons for European exploration.

Objective #3 Explain the changes and conflicts that occurred when the diverse worlds of Europe, Africa, and the Americans collided after 1492.

What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion? Gold –Look in Africa –Money for industrial advancement –Renaissance: Science and technology –The royal coffers –15th c.: European mines running low –Eastward trade routes blocked by Ottoman Turks

What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion? Glory –Fierce competition to add to empire –Nationalism –Renaissance inspired many people to explore and seek individual glory

What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion? Spices –Food preservation –Columbus looked for western trade route to Asia

What motivated Spanish and Portuguese Expansion? Christianity –Catholic Spain and Portugal –Christianize the Asians

Portugal Took Early Lead Superior technology –Examples: Prince Henry the Navigator

Portugal and Africa Trade in gold, ivory and slaves –40,000 slaves taken from Africa before discovery of America –Work Portuguese sugar plantations Modern plantation system

Christopher Columbus Convinced he could reach Indies by sailing West. Landed in the Bahamas in Brought cinnamon, gold, coconuts, slaves back to Spain

Early Triangle Trade

Native Americans 1492: 50 million people inhabited North and South America Very diverse Incas Mayans Aztecs

Native American Advancements Agricultural advancements Complex irrigation systems Some alliances (more so in the South)

Colonization (15th-17th c.) Spain and Portugal Treaty of Tordesillas Line of Demarcation Europeans bring disease to N. America 90% of Natives wiped out.