© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Gonads Structure: primary sex organs Function: Endocrine and Exocrine Testes : males Ovaries : females Function: Endocrine and Exocrine Secrete hormones produce gametes (sex cells) Sperm—male gametes Ova (eggs)—female gametes © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
The Male Reproductive System: Testes and Accessory Structures Pages 538-547
Male Reproductive Anatomy Exocrine Function Testes structure from inside out and path of sperm: Seminiferous tubules (produce the sperm) Rete testis (gateway to epididymis) Epididymis (duct) Vas deferens (duct) Spermatic cord- (here the vas deferens runs alongside the blood and nerve supply to arrive at the prostate) Ejaculatory duct- moves sperm through prostate to urethra This is a series of tubes and ducts through which sperm is created and transported for exit by way of the urethra This action is driven by peristaltic waves © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 16.1 Sagittal section of the testis and associated epididymis. Spermatic cord Blood vessels and nerves Seminiferous tubule Rete testis Ductus (vas) deferens Lobule Septum Tunica albuginea Epididymis
Male Reproductive Anatomy: Endocrine Function Interstitial cells (epithelial) surround the seminiferous tubules These cells produce androgens (group of sex hormones) Testosterone: promotes growth/development of reproductive structures Promotes development of secondary sex characteristics
Accessory Reproductive Structures Seminal glands (vesicles): makes 60% of semen high in fructose, vitamins, prostaglandins, which nourish and activate sperm Located at the base of the bladder Contains a yellow pigment that makes semen flouresce by UV light and therefore can be used in sexual assault investigations © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Accessory Reproductive Structures Prostate: makes 40% of semen Produces milky fluid to activate sperm Enhances sperm motility Bulbo-urethral glands: Lie just under prostate Produce mucus that clears the urethra of urine prior to ejaculation
Figure 16.2a Male reproductive organs. Ureter Urinary bladder Seminal vesicle Prostatic urethra Ejaculatory duct Prostate Bulbo-urethral gland Ductus (vas) deferens Epididymis Glans penis Testis Prepuce Scrotum
External Genitalia Penis Scrotum delivers sperm into the female reproductive tract arrangement of dense connective tissue sheaths, spongy partitions (caverns), and muscular tissues that provide: Erection: controlled by the parasympathetic n.s. Ejaculation: controlled by the sympathetic n.s. Scrotum sac of skin outside the abdomen that houses the testes maintains testes at body temperature to protect sperm © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 16.2b Male reproductive organs. Urinary bladder Ureter Ampulla of ductus deferens Prostate Seminal vesicle Ejaculatory duct Bulbo-urethral gland Membranous urethra Ductus (vas) deferens Root of penis Erectile tissue of penis Epididymis Shaft (body) of penis Testis Spongy urethra Glans penis Prepuce (b) External urethral orifice
Figure 16.2a Male reproductive organs. Urinary bladder urethra Urogenital diaphragm Erectile tissue of the penis Bulbo-urethral gland Spongy urethra Shaft of the penis Ductus (vas) deferens External urethral orifice