 Wars between wealthy Italian city-states  Condottieri: mercenary generals  Duke of Urbino: lost his right eye and bridge of his nose

 Chp. 1 Renaissance and Reformation ( )  Chp. 2 Exploration and Expansion ( )  Chp. 3 New Asian Empires ( )  Themes:  Arts and Ideas: A revival of learning led to new ways of seeing the world, which in turn influenced artists.  Belief Systems: The Protestant Reformation was a response to perceived excesses in the Catholic Church and in turn led to the Counter-Reformation.  Migration and Diffusion: European exploration expanded European knowledge of the world and led to the exchange of plants and animals between Europe and Asia and the Americas.

 Section 1: Renaissance: rebirth of arts and learning  Section 2: Renaissance ideas spread to northern Europe  Section 3: Criticism of Roman Catholic Church brings about Protestant Reformation  Section 4: Catholics work to reform within the Church

 Changes in Europe bring about a new period  Trade with the East increased  Rediscovered classical knowledge of ancient Greece/Rome  Period of creativity/learning: the Renaissance  New focus on the individual  struggle in Christianity known as the Reformation

 Many changes in society  P  Causes of Changes  Agricultural Demand  Specialization  Results

 Urban areas also started to specialize, especially in Italy  South: various kingdoms and papal states  North: large city- states ▪ Venice, Milan, Florence

 Centers of commerce  Heads of society  Roman Catholic Church  Nobles  Merchants-bankers, traders  Artisans-crafts, goldsmithing

VeniceMilanFlorence Location Economy

 History and Geography: Trade Fuels City Growth Worksheet  Work on individually  Classwork grade (10 points)

 Pretend to be a journalist living in Florence in  Write a two-paragraph newspaper editorial about how society has changed after the Black Death.  Due in two class sessions  Worth 15 points

 Section 1 Interactive Reader and Study Guide (Renaissance Art)  Due next class session  10 points

 Q/A:  -Which groups came to dominate Italian city- states in the 1300s and 1400s?  -How did the Black Death influence the economic system of Europe?  Discussion: How did society and cities change in the 1300s?