The Renaissance & Reformation. Chapter 5: Renaissance & Reformation 5.1 The Renaissance 1. The Italian Renaissance A. Renaissance -”Rebirth” -Began in.

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Presentation transcript:

The Renaissance & Reformation

Chapter 5: Renaissance & Reformation 5.1 The Renaissance 1. The Italian Renaissance A. Renaissance -”Rebirth” -Began in Italy moved North via Europe

B. Characteristics of Renaissance Italy 1. Urban Society (Secular Viewpoint) 2. Renewed Interest in Ancient Cultures 3. Individuals should be capable of achievements in many areas 4. Upper Classes more accepting of Renaissance ideas but these new ideas did impact ordinary people

The Italian States A.Italy had no central ruler (independent city states) B.City States that played important roles in politics 1. Milan: Visconti family rules until 1447 after Francesco Sforza. Both built a strong centralized state with a efficient tax system. 2. Venice: Link between Asia and Europe (international power because of its trade), (government run by a group of wealthy merchants) 3. Florence: The Medici family controlled the city (cultural center of Italy)

C.The Italian Wars: 1. King Charles VIII (France) sent 30,000 troops to Italy and occupied Naples 2. Northern Italy appeals to Spain for help (Spain helps yet, fights the French for Italy for the next 30 years) 3. Spanish troops and mercenaries (1527) had not been paid so they loot Rome (ends the Italian Wars leaving Spain a dominate force in Italy)

Niccolo Machiavelli *Wrote The Prince (main thesis: how to acquire and keep political power---must abandon morality as a basis for political power)

Renaissance Society A.Nobility (Second Estate): 2-3% of the population who dominate society and held all important political post

Baldassare Castiglone *Wrote The Book of the Courtier *Book describes the characteristics of the perfect Renaissance noble (noble’s purpose was to serve his prince in a effective and honest way)

Peasants & Townspeople *Third Estate *85-90% of the population *Middle class to poor

Family & Marriage *Parents arranged marriages to strengthen business or family ties *Marriage contract included a dowry *Father/husband managed all finances and made all decisions concerning his children’s lives *Mother supervised the household yet, did not share in the wealth *Children do not become adults until their father formally freed them before a judge

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