Issues of Scale Using Color. Scale Issues What is map scale? The scale of a map is the relationship between a unit of length on the map and a unit of.

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Presentation transcript:

Issues of Scale Using Color

Scale Issues

What is map scale? The scale of a map is the relationship between a unit of length on the map and a unit of length on the ground.

Verbal scale “One cm represents 100 km” Bar scales (graphical) Representative fraction (RF) 1:24,000 Map Scales

Representative Fraction A inch line on a 1:24,000 scale map represents 50 ft (600 in) on the ground A inch line on a 1:200,000 scale map represents almost 417 ft on the ground

Scale Issues Beware of scale statements 1:200 (“one to two hundred”) does this mean unit-to-unit (one inch on the map equals 200 inches on the ground) or not unit-to-unit (one inch on the map equals 200 feet on the ground) For this course, all scale statements will be assumed unit-to-unit

Scale Issues large scale vs. small scale To a geographer: 1:2,000,000 is small scale 1:200 is large scale

Importance of Scale Scale of data plays an important role, and frequently causes problems All spatial phenomena have scale dependent behavior/properties Be aware of: Data source scale Mixing data from different source scales Appropriateness of output scale

Scale Issues Data from different sources and scales can vary widely 1:100,000 scale data from USGS DLG

Scale Issues 1:1,000,000 scale data from DCW (DMA)

Scale Issues 1:2,000,000 scale data from USGS DLG

Using Color

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1990 Wabern, 1983 What can color do? Label Measure Represent or imitate reality Beautify

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1990 Primary home heating fuel. U.S. Department of Commerce

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1990 Primary home heating fuel. U.S. Department of Commerce

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1997

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1997

Displaying data: colors From Tufte 1997

Color Blindness

Color Blindness

Color Blindness

Color Blindness

Color Blindness

Color Models RGB

Color Models CMYK

Redundant Coding

Redundant Coding

Color Schemes

Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Color Schemes Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Dr. Cynthia Brewer / Department of Geography / The Pennsylvania State University

Specifying Colors in ArcMap

Homework Read: “Creating Feature Datasets & Vector Editing” & “Creating and Modifying Tables” Start working on assignment #4 -- Due April 26.