PCR and Electrophoresis
Techniques of Recombinant DNA Technology Multiplying DNA in vitro: The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) VIDEO CLIP ◦Large number of identical molecules of DNA produced in vitro ◦Critical to amplify DNA in variety of situations Epidemiologists use to amplify genome of unknown pathogen Amplified DNA from Bacillus anthracis spores in 2001 to identify source of spores 2
Techniques of Recombinant DNA Technology Multiplying DNA in vitro: The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR ) ◦Repetitive process consisting of three steps Denaturation Priming Extension ◦Can be automated using a thermocycler 3
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 4 Figure 8.5a
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 5 Figure 8.5b
Techniques of Recombinant DNA Technology 6
Separating DNA Molecules: Gel Electrophoresis and the Southern Blot ◦Gel electrophoresis Separates molecules based on electrical charge, size, and shape Allows scientists to isolate DNA of interest Negatively charged DNA drawn toward positive electrode Agarose makes up gel; acts as molecular sieve Smaller fragments migrate faster and farther than larger ones Determine size by comparing distance migrated to standards 7
Gel electrophoresis 8 Figure 8.6
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS VIDEO Video of our lab’s gel electrophoresis Electrophoresis Results video 9