Nervous System

Agriculture, Food, and, Natural Resource Standards Addressed AS Evaluate the development and implications of animal origin, domestication and distribution on production practices and the environment. AS Evaluate the development and implications of animal origin, domestication and distribution on production practices and the environment. AS a. Research and summarize major components of animal systems. AS a. Research and summarize major components of animal systems.

Nervous System Detects and processes information and formulates responses; coordinates and controls all bodily activity.

Nervous System The nervous system sends and receives impulses

Nervous System Impulses -electrical signals that travel though the nervous system and provide information to the brain.

Types of Neurons Sensory Neurons – carry impulses towards the brain and spinal cord.

Types of Neurons Connecting Neurons – carry impulses from one neuron to another.

Types of Neurons Motor Neurons – carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to the body.

Cell body (soma) Synapse Myelin sheath Dendrite Axon

Parts of a Neuron Cell Body - often called the soma - contains the cell nucleus - contains the cell nucleus

Parts of a Neuron Dendrite -branch-like -receives impulses

Parts of a Neuron Axon -sends impulses away from the cell

Parts of a Neuron Synapse -space in between neurons

Parts of a Neuron Synapse - contains a chemical substance called a neurotransmitter that helps impulses travel

Parts of a Neuron Myelin -protective sheath around the neuron

Central Nervous System – consists of: brain spinal cord

Meninges Medulla oblongata Brain stem Cerebrum Cerebellum Hypothalamus Thalamus Spinal cord Pituitary gland

Central Nervous System Brain – major organ of the nervous system.

Central Nervous System Meninges – three-layered protective covering of the brain.

Central Nervous System Cerebrum – largest part of the brain

Central Nervous System Cerebrum -has four lobes that receive and store information and are responsible for giving signals for voluntary movement.

Central Nervous System Cerebellum – coordinates all movement, muscle activity, and balance.

Central Nervous System Brainstem – connects the brain to the spinal cord and contains the medulla oblongata.

Central Nervous System Medulla oblongata - dictates all life functions including: heart rate, breathing, and reflex actions.

Central Nervous System Thalamus – a central relay system for all nerve impulses except smell

Central Nervous System Thalamus -receives the impulses and then directs them to the proper part of the brain.

Central Nervous System Hypothalamus – serves as a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Central Nervous System Pituitary gland – secretes hormones important for reproduction and growth.

Spinal Cord – pathway for all impulses going to and from the brain.

Spinal Cord –connects to the medulla oblongata

Peripheral Nervous System – consists of nerves that relay information to and from the spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System –Responsible for emergency and stress responses: “fight or flight”

Peripheral Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System -Seeks to maintain and restore normal body function, often called Homeostasis

Peripheral Nervous System Homeostasis -a state of balance of the physiologic systems within the body.