PSU Altoona 8/23/99 ET 002 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS

2 Components of Computer System zHardware zSoftware zData zPeople zProcedures Information Systems

3 Data Hierarchy zBit zByte zField zRecord zFile zData Base z0 or 1 (digital / binary) z7-8 bits (one character) zRelated group of bytes zGroup of related fields zGroup of related records zSet of related files vs. Data Base Management System (DBMS)

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5 Computer: Collection of Electronic Devices zRun by instructions in its own memory zAccepts & processes data, a.k.a. _______ zResult: information, a.k.a. ____________ zCan store results

6 Information Processing Cycle

7 Information Processing: Main Computer Components

8 Input or Output Device?

9 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

10 Inside the Central Processing Unit (CPU) zPower supply zMotherboard zNetwork card (CLRC) zModem card (home) zExpansion slot zSIMMS slot: extra memory zMicroprocessor chip (Top speed : megahertz) zRAM (Random Access Memory) yPrimary main memory; holds info while you use a program yVolatile: gone when power goes off zROM (Read Only Memory) - loads operating system at start-up; never lost

11 Measuring Storage Capacity z1,000 bytes (thousand memory locations) z1,000,000 bytes (million memory locations) z1,000,000,000 bytes (billion memory locations) zKB- kilobyte zMB - megabyte zGB - gigabyte

12 Input or Output Devices?

13 Display Device: Screen, Monitor, or CRT Input or Output Device?

14 Auxiliary Storage Device z3 1/2- inch floppy disk = portable storage zFloppy drive is called _______ drive zBuy formatted double-sided HIGH density floppy disks (2HD) yPut labels on (2) yWrite name on (2) yBring (2) to lab

15 Auxiliary Storage Device: Hard Drive zHard disk drive zUsually not portable zHard drive is called _______ drive, usually

16 Organization of Disk Storage: Tracks and Sectors zFormatting creates tracks and sectors zFloppy disk: 80 tracks per side, 18 sectors per track

17 Auxiliary Storage Device: CD-ROM zCD-ROM = _____________ zStores large amounts of prerecorded info yMultimedia: text, graphics, audio, animation, video

18 Auxiliary Storage Device: DVD-ROM zDVD-ROM = __________________ __________________ zBetter storage capacity, better video quality than __________________

19 System Software: (GUI) Operating System zWin 95/Win 98/Win NT zLoad (boot) operating system into memory from storage: yClears RAM yReloads operating system from disk to RAM zCold Start = boot (On) zWarm Start = re-boot (Ctrl+Alt+Del) z(GUI) stands for ___________________ zIcons = visual cues

20 Networks & 208 Force T (LAN, WAN, and WWW) zBoot operating system: yLoads Local Area Network (LAN) software yMachines share printer using local server zPenn State (UP) server yWide Area Network (WAN) of PSU locations yConnects to World Wide Web (WWW) via PC’s internet browser software, _________________

21 Applications Software (Microsoft Office 97) zMicrosoft Word 97 zMicrosoft Excel 97 zMicrosoft Access 97 zMicrosoft PowerPoint 97 zWord processing zElectronic spreadsheet zDatabase zPresentation graphics