What have we learned about Jackson so far? What battles has he been in? What American currency has his face on it?
The Age of Jackson
The Expansion of Democracy Industrialization of North Large plantations taking over South Rich getting richer (a large gap in wealth)
Many people thought the rich were running the government People felt that Jackson could change the way the government was run and have it do more for the people
Who supported Jackson? 1.Small farmers 2.Frontier settlers 3.Slave-holders Why? – Because they wanted REFORM
Politics During This Time: Political parties began holding NOMINATING CONVENTIONS (party members chose the party’s CANDIDATE instead of just the party leaders)
Jackson and Politics People rallied behind Jackson and supporters founded the DEMOCRATIC PARTY The expansion of democracy during this period is called Jacksonian Democracy-this was because more people had the right to vote
The Election of 1828 JACKSONJOHN QUNICY ADAMS Running Mate: John C. Calhoun (VP) War Hero Born poor Represented the people Seen as cold His supporters said Jackson had a temper and was not suited to be president
Winner: Jackson! Jackson rewarded some supporters with government jobs (SPOILS SYSTEM) Made his friend, MARTIN VAN BUREN, Secretary of State
The Kitchen Cabinet His supporters made up the KITCHEN CABINET This was a group of advisors who informally met in the White House kitchen to give Jackson advice
JACKSON’S ADMINISTRATION What does sectionalism mean? Where have we heard this word before? RAISE YOUR HAND IF YOU KNOW!
REGIONAL VIEWS The North, South and West all had differing views and ways of life This was shown when a tariff was instituted by Adams Adams’ tariff was called the TARIFF OF ABOMINATIONS This hurt his image and he was not re-elected because of it HANDOUT
Three Regions Emerge NorthSouthWest Economy Tariff View
The Era of Jackson RECAP: What does the word sectionalism mean? What is a tariff? Which president instituted this tariff? What did southerners call this tariff?
Stop and Think: Jackson is now the new president. He is forced to deal with this tariff that Adams created. What do you think he will do? What would you do?
THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS Right after Jackson took office he had to deal with Adam’s tariff People began to speak out against this tariff
What does Nullficiation (or null) mean ? Without value, effect, consequence or significance
John C. Calhoun Supported Southerners Why? He was from the South (South Carolina Was Vice President at the time
Calhoun Gets Angry! Wrote the “Southern Carolina Exposition and Protest” – this states that Congress should NOT favor one state
The Result of Calhoun’s Writings: They advanced the states’ rights doctrine (the belief that since states formed the national government they should have more power than it)
Northerners were against Calhoun’s views. Due to this, a conflict between the supporters and the opponents of nullification deepened. This dispute became known as the NULLIFICATION CRISIS!
Calhoun is outta here! Calhoun resigns as VP Martin Van Buren takes over
The Hayne-Webster Debate Between Robert Hayne (South) and Daniel Webster (North).
Hayne: thought that the sates should be able to protest federal legislation Webster: felt that the U.S. was one nation and should act that way- united
Jackson Responds Jackson asks Congress to pass another tariff to lower the previous rate. South Carolina still unhappy with the change
South Carolina’s Response It passes the NULLIFICATION ACT which declared that TARIFFS were not valid It also threatened to withdraw from the union!
Jackson Gets Angry Jackson responds to South Carolina Gets Congress to pass the FORCE BILL This approved the use of the ARMY
Henry Clay Saves The Day Proposes a compromise: 1.Congress would decrease the tariff 2.South Carolina’s leaders would enforce the tariff/law This stopped a fight from starting!
WRITE DOWN TWO QUESTIONS THAT COULD BE ON THE TEST!