1 CAHROM meeting Sarajevo, 28 October 2014 FRA work on Roma inclusion Massimo Toschi

2 Its objective is to provide assistance and expertise on fundamental rights issues to the European Union institutions and Member States, when they implement EU law, in order to support them when they take measures to fully respect fundamental rights The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights

3 FRA and Council of Europe on Roma issues  On-going dialogue on cooperation and coordination  Ad-hoc Working Party on Roma inclusion indicators  CoE-EQUINET-ENNHRI-FRA thematic working groups  Roma Integration  Asylum/Migration  Hate Crime  Advancing social and economic rights and socio-economic equality  Cooperation/coordination LERI – ROMACT/ROMED II

4  FRA Roma Survey  Secondary research and Mapping of data sources on Roma  EU-MIDIS II  FRA-Member States Working Party Roma Inclusion indicators  LERI project (Local Engagement on Roma Inclusion)  Publications (Data Visualisation on-line) - Data in Focus on Education - Data in Focus on Employment - Data in Focus on Gender FRA Multi-annual Roma Programme

5 Policy Background  EC Communication ‘An EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies’  “The Fundamental Rights Agency should work with Member States to develop monitoring methods which can provide a comparative analysis of the situation of Roma across Europe.”  EC Communication ‘National RIS: a first step in the implementation of the EU Framework’  “The EU's Fundamental Rights Agency will continue its surveys across the EU and work closely with the Member States to support them in developing robust national monitoring systems.”  EC Communication – ‘Proposal for a Council Recommendation on effective Roma integration measures in the Member States’  Council Recommendation on effective Roma integration measures in the Member States –  “Making use of any relevant core indicators or methods…data collection for monitoring and evaluating progress on a regular basis… enabling efficient reporting on the situation of Roma in the Member States with…support of the the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights.”  EC Communication ‘Report on the implementation of the EU Framework for National Roma integration strategies’

6 The EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies tasks FRA with: Collecting data regularly (2012 – 2020) across the EU Assisting MSs in developing effective monitoring tools Evidence-based policy making Data collection on the situation of Roma as evidence to support Member States. Tracking progress over time

Qualitative research – Local engagement Qualitative research – Local engagement Working with Member States to improve monitoring tools Working with Member States to improve monitoring tools EUROPE Roma survey Roma survey – EU MIDIS II 2019 Roma survey 2013 Data sources The work ahead

8 FRA Roma Survey

9 The FRA Roma Pilot survey (2011)

10 School attendance  Roma children are at greater risk of leaving education before the end of compulsory school age – an average of 14% of Roma children did not attend compulsory school (3% non-Roma)  Share of children of compulsory school age not attending school in 2010/2011 (%)

11 Labour market participation  Participation of Roma in the labour market is low and there is a significant gap between Roma and non-Roma  Self-declared main activity status “paid work” (including full-time, part-time, ad hoc jobs, self-employment) in FRA Roma survey (age 16+) and Eurostat Labour Force Survey 2011 (15+) (%)

12  Persons living in households at risk of poverty (%)  Source: FRA Roma pilot survey 2011

13 Limited awareness of antidiscrimination legislation Only 39% was aware that there is a law that forbids discrimination against ethnic minority people when applying for a job

14 Limited awareness of organisations that can help in case of discrimination Only 1 out of 5 Roma was aware of an organisation that could offer support or advice

15 EU-MIDIS II

16 EU MIDIS II survey ( )  EU MIDIS II – first repeated full-scale survey  Survey on immigrant groups and ethnic minorities (focus on Roma)  EU 28 ( people)  Launch of first results: second half 2016  Pilot 04/2015 – 05/2015  Fieldwork: scheduled for the months 09-11/

17 EU MIDIS II survey: Objectives Methodological: 1.Allow for analysis of trends for selected indicators from EU MIDIS I and Roma survey 2.An EU wide comparative survey 3.Comparable and reliable data on impact on the ground of EU and national anti-discrimination and equality legislation policies. 4.Refine survey methodologies for hard-to-reach populationsContent: 1.Focus on discrimination and victimisation experiences, social inclusion, enjoyment and violations of fundamental rights 2.Integration of migrants – process/outcome 3.Roma social inclusion – progress or stagnation? 4.Particular focus on positive integration outcomes and participation, as well as on perceived intolerance 17

18 Ad hoc FRA-Member States Working Party on Roma Inclusion Indicators

19 Working Party on Roma inclusion indicators –14 participating Member States (BE, BG, CR,CZ, FI, FR, IT, EL, HU, NL, RO, SK, ES, UK) on voluntary basis (*), European Commission, Eurostat, Eurofound –Aim: support Member States in their effort to establish effective national monitoring mechanism (comparable results) –Development of S-P-O indicators framework for the monitoring of the implementation of NRISs; and how best populate them (ethnic data collection) –Exchange of experiences on reporting and monitoring practices related to the integration strategies –Linking data and its use for informing policy review, evaluation and monitoring –Reporting to NRCPs (*)

20  Council Recommendations on effective Roma integration measures in the Member States –  S-P-O Framework (United Nations OHCHR) – 3 levels of indicators to measure progress in implementation of fundamental rights  Structure indicators Commitment; e.g. legislation  Process indicators Effort; e.g. policies, programmes, action plans  Outcome indicators Results; e.g. situation on the ground  Key indicators in relevant thematic areas: education, employment, health, housing, as well as poverty, discrimination, gender, rights awareness 20 Developing Indicators

21 LERI (Local Engagement on Roma Inclusion)

22 Local Engagement for Roma Inclusion (LERI) –Participatory action research –Engaging with stakeholders at the local level (including local authorities, Roma communities and civil society organisations) –Identifying barriers and drivers of change, improving the design, implementation and monitoring of Roma integration policies –22 municipalities in 11 MSs (BG, CZ, EL, ES, FI, FR, HU, IT, RO, SK, UK) –Time frame: Pilot May – November 2014 (Italy (Mantova) and Slovakia (Hrabusice) and implementation: –

23 LERI – How?  Participatory action research (PAR) on local Roma integration plans. It is expected to –improve policy maker’s understanding of the situation of Roma & what works in Roma inclusion processes, what doesn’t & why (*) –Better understanding of the processes (how projects, activities, strategies implemented; how EU and other funds for Roma integration are used) –examine and develop ways of improving the design, implementation and monitoring of Roma integration policies and actions at local level –all that done by Roma and not for Roma

24 Thank you for your attention!