1. The FRA’s work on Roma Fundamental Rights Agency ECDC Conference 27-28 November Vienna

2. Lisbon Treaty The Union “shall combat social exclusion and discrimination, and shall promote social justice and protection, equality between women and men, solidarity between generations and protection of the rights of the child” - Art. 3 Para. 3 (TEU) “In defining and implementing its policies and activities, the Union shall aim to combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation” - Art. 10 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)

3. EU Charter Fundamental Rights Article 21 - Non-discrimination Any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

4. EU Antidiscrimination legislation The Racial Equality Directive (RED) 2000/43/EC Implements the principle of equal treatment between people irrespective of racial or ethnic origin; Gives protection against discrimination in employment and training, education, social security, healthcare and access to goods and services including housing; Gives victims of discrimination a right to make a complaint through a judicial or administrative procedure, associated with appropriate penalties for those who discriminate. Provides for the establishment in each Member State of an organisation - National Equality Body

5. FRA Research & Data Collection Roma Pilot survey – Results in 2012 The situation of Roma EU citizens moving to and settling in other EU Member States – November 2009 Housing conditions of Roma and Travellers in the EU – October 2009 EU-MIDIS Data in Focus Report: The Roma – April 2009 Roma and Travellers in Public Education – May 2006 Breaking the Barriers – Romani Women and Access to Public Health Care – July 2003

6.  7 September 2010 EC creates Roma Task Force “to assess the use of EU funding by MSs with regard to the social and economic integration of Roma, Europe's largest minority”  21 December 2010 first findings indicate:  bottlenecks at national, regional and local levels in using EU funds due to lack of know-how and of administrative capacity  Problems in providing national co-financing  Lack of civil society and Roma communities involvement  Lack of official data on Roma households Policy background

7. Policy Background Communication COM (2011) 173 on an EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020  Sets EU Roma integration goals in four areas: access to education, employment, healthcare and housing  Member States are requested to prepare or revise their national Roma integration strategies and present them to the Commission by the end of December 2011 7

8. EC Communication mandates FRA to:  Expand research to all MSs and run it regularly to measure progress on the ground  Collect data on the situation of Roma with respect to access to employment, education, healthcare and housing  Work with MSs to develop monitoring methods

9.  Designing and launching major Roma survey in January 2011  In close cooperation with UNDP (DG REGIO Grant) – common core questionnaire  Covering 11 EU-MS  In addition, UNDP covers MN, SRB, ALB, BIH, MK (non-EU MSs)  Household survey 1,000 Roma and 500 non-Roma per country  Randomly selected sample of household + one individual  Self-identification of respondents  Survey of selected local authorities The FRA response

10. The survey includes a section on HEALTH Topics addressed: Self assessment of health status Unmet needs in health and reasons for unmet needs Access to reproductive health

11. EU-MIDIS  23,500 migrants and minorities surveyed  5,000 majority population as control  Largest minority groups (up to 3) surveyed in each MS  Self-identified migrant/minority background  Respondents: age 16+, in MS at least 1 year  Random sample of 500 – 1,500 respondents in each MS  Face-to-face interviews 20 to 60 minutes in homes  Fieldwork: From May – mid July + Nov 2008

12. Discrimination Experiences and Reporting Employment Education Housing Health + social services Consumer services General perceptions on discrimination in MS Rights awareness – complaints Victimisation Experiences and Reporting Property crime Assault and threat Serious harassment Corruption Police stops/contact Border stops Respondent Variables The issues

13. Data in focus Report: The Roma

14. Data in focus report  Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia  500 Roma respondents interviewed in each Member State  Interview period: 3 May – 10 July 2008  As a group, the Roma reported the highest overall levels of discrimination of all groups surveyed. -> the scientific literature shows a clear association between perception of racial discriminations and poor physical and mental health (Bhopal 2006; Williams et al, 2008)

15. Discrimination rate % discriminated against in the past 12 months in all areas

16. % of respondents who did not report discrimination incidents

17. Main reasons for not reporting discrimination (%)

18. Awareness of discrimination law when applying for work?

19. Knowledge of any organisation that can offer support or advise to people who have been discriminated against (%)

20. 81% of respondents who indicated they were victims of assault, threat or serious harassment considered that their victimisation was racially motivated

21. Thank you for your attention www.fra.europa.eu