Solubility, Density, and Melting Point of Solids

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Solubility, Density, and Melting Point of Solids Experiment 2 Solubility, Density, and Melting Point of Solids Parts A, B, C, Unknown CHE116

Purpose of This Experiment Determine the solubility of a solid sample Calculate the density of a solid sample Determine the melting point (m.p.) of a solid with the melting point apparatus Determine the identity of an unknown by its physical properties (solubility, density, m.p.) Work in groups of 2 for the known solid Work individually for the unknown solid (lab partners must use different unknowns) CHE116

Determination of Solubility Use only a few crystals of solid Place the solid in the bottom of a small test tube, add the appropriate liquid, and shake back-and-forth gently If the solid dissolves, it is soluble (s) in the liquid. If the solid does not dissolve, it is insoluble (i) in the liquid. If the solid dissolves a little, but not completely, it is sparingly soluble (sp) in the liquid. CHE116

Density Calculation Density = mass / volume Mass is found with the lab balance (find mass, then find volume of that mass) Volume by difference CHE116

Volume by Difference Technique used to find the volume of irregularly shaped solids Put enough liquid into a graduated cylinder, record volume (SF and units) Add solid sample (of known mass) to this graduated cylinder, record volume (SF and units) Calculate the volume of the solid (volume liquid and solid – volume of liquid = volume of solid) CHE116

Melting Point Determination Use the melting point apparatus. Ask for help using the m.p. apparatus. Crush a few crystals of your sample on weighing paper with the bottom of a test tube. (Press firmly to crush.) Put crystals in a capillary tube, then you are ready to use the m.p. apparatus CHE116

Identify Unknown Determine the density of the unknown solid. Determine the solubility of the unknown solid. Determine the m.p. of the unknown solid. (as time permits, choose at least 2 from above) Identify the unknown solid from list using your determined physical properties. CHE116