Lim Sei cK

Why the need for Safety & Health? Work design – impact on physical health, mental health, and longevity of life. Rising costs of health. Short-term vs. long-term costs? Who bear the costs of ill-health and work-related accidents? Family? Employers? Tax payers? Government? Laws. Good business. Productive workers. High quality of work lives. Fewer injuries, ill-health & absenteeism. Corporate reputation. Improve retention and recruitment. Morale and satisfaction.

Brunei WSH order Not yet enforced. Labour Act currently the guidelines for WSH in the country are primarily based on the Labour Act 1954… the coverage of WSH standards through this Act was very “minimal and limited”, dealing with aspects such as first aid and pre-employment medical checks. 03 May 2009

Workmen’s Compensation Act. Chapter 74 (revised 1984). “payment of compensation to workmen for injuries suffered in the course of their employment”. Under this Act, employers are required to report accidents to the Labour Department. Employment Order 2009

Introduction Will you be going home from work today? What about the person next to you?! In the US,! on average, - 16 fathers, mothers, sons and daughters won’t make it home from work each day. -more than 5000 workplace fatalities and 1.5 million lost time injuries each year.! Globally, ILO reported over 2 million lives lost each year to job-related accidents and illnesses, plus more than 268 million lost time.! Disturbing statistics? These incidents can be dramatically reduced, even eliminated.!

Why is health and safety and important? Nobody wants to chooses to get hurt. Nobody wants a fatality to occur or an injury to happen. Avoid fatal & non-fatal accidents Illness & disease Putting other people’s lives and health at risk is not acceptable Avoid lost productivity & reputation in the industry

Health and safety It’s about preventing people from being harmed at work, by taking the right precautions and by providing a satisfactory working environment! ✤ A healthy and safe working environment can: productivity! staff turnover ! staff sickness absence ! positive attitude to work ! prevent extra cost!

Attitude toward safety is a choice Level 4! Believe for me, family and team mates Level 3! Believe for me and my family Level 2! Comply when I have to Level 1! Comply when it is convenient

Lv1 and 2 - “I do it cos I’m told, forced, or paid to do it”! Lv 3 and 4 - the attitude changes to believe - “I make a conscious choice to practice safety and am totally committed in that mindset”! Lv 4 - “I’m demonstrating a strong safety culture of safety”!

Culture is made up of group behaviours and beliefs that are transmitted from one generation to another. We create our culture by what we demonstrate personally and by what we reward and tolerate in others. What do your organization reward and tolerate? A strong safety culture begins when we start making safety a habit. It is both a “personal” and corporate issue.

Everything we do carries an element of risk. Survival depends on how well we manage those elements of risk. Each of us chooses out attitude toward safety! Levels of commitment to safety: everyone is a blend of the various levels, but which level of commitment do we demonstrate most frequently? We create our culture by what we demonstrate personally and by what we reward and tolerate in others.

1). What has the potential to cause an incident? REMEMBER there are hazards that we do not recognize as potential dangers because we are unaware, have become complacent, or are looking for thrill - our natural risk tolerance. 2). What is the likelihood the hazard will contribute to an incident? Our natural risk tolerance may cause us to underestimate the hazard.!

✤ Natural tolerance for risk: Individuals naturally tolerate some risks because they don’t even notice they exist - they aren’t aware something could be dangerous. ✤ Complacency: We become complacent because we’ve done something so many times without a problem. We take it for granted we won’t have problems the next time we do the same thing! ✤ Thrill seekers: People who enjoy the thrill of taking risks. They get a rush when they take chances. ✤ Hazard: Anything that has the potential to contribute to an incident taking place. ✤ A culture may prevent someone from speaking up because they don’t know what to say or how to say it. Therefore, a culture of safety creates a level of trust that encourages people to speak up.

Safety Management Accidents, injuries, and loss events occur as a result of management deficiencies and reveal the existence of managerial and leadership problems.

Key responsibilities of Management to organize the work so that it is safe to appoint a person to provide health and safety assistance to provide adequate supervision to provide information, instruction and training to monitor and review health and safety performance

Organize the work so that it is safe Develop a safety policy and strategy for your business! ✤ a safety policy: a document which describes what steps you are taking to make sure that you are meeting your health and safety duties!

A policy statement should have: General statement of intent: the company should accept ultimate responsibility for health and safety matters. The statement should be signed and dated. ✤ Organization: :List of H&S responsibilities held by people in the company.! ✤ Arrangements. ! ✤ What the company needs to do to comply with the law and stop people being injured at work.! ✤ legal requirements! ✤ hazard and risks! ✤ control methods !

Health and safety assistance the law requires a business to formally appoint someone to do this: ✤ the owner ✤ employee ✤ external consultant ✤ need someone who knows and understands the work involved, assessing and preventing risk, up to date on health and safety and who can apply all this knowledge.

Provide adequate supervision The amount of supervision depends on: ✤ type of work! ✤ hazard and degree of risk involved! ✤ training and expertise of employees! ✤ Person in charge of work activities will need to make regular workplace checks! ✤ managers may be personally liable if they did not provide adequate supervision!

Provide information, instruction & training Information to be provided includes:! ✤ who is at risk and why! ✤ how to carry out specific tasks safely! ✤ correct operation of equipment! ✤ emergency action! ✤ accident and hazard reporting procedures! ✤ safety responsibilities of everyone! ✤ It can be given through:! ✤ simple instruction sessions! ✤ formal in-house training programme! ✤ training to be provided by external organisation!

Monitor and review Hazard reporting procedures: formal or informal! ✤ workplace inspections: inspect your workplace at regular intervals! ✤ accident rates and investigation: if there is an accident at work it should always be investigated to learn how it can be avoided in the future! ✤ Health and safety audits: every 2-3 years detailed audit of safety systems and how the company is complying with the law! ✤ safety policy review: review and revise policy if necessary!

Presentation Questions (9 th / 16 th ?) 1. Today as the number of industries and workplaces have increased so have the occurrences of occupational accidents. Discuss why do these accidents happens, and also of the ways that it can be avoided or prevented. Give some of the examples that has happened in Brunei over the past few years.

2. Currently it has been reported that many employees are facing serious health problems and due to that, productivity of work has been affected badly. Do a study on the current commonly faced health problems which may be due to the changing of work nature, technology or even of having to work with certain substances that may be highly dangerous. In addition also suggest ways in which these occurrences can be reduced.