ICZM indicators and their application to assess sustainable tourism Françoise Breton ETC-LUSI / UAB Network of EDEN Destinations Clonakilty District, Ireland, February 2009

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Indicators Done to support a policy: the EU ICZM Recommendation 1st EU ICZM Expert group with MS representatives settled in oct 2002 and set-up a Working Group on “indicators and data” no ready-made method or experience to copy from - need of indicators to assess ICZM initiatives - focus on use of indicators: simple, easy to build, comprehensive Product (2004): A small set of 27 indicators, very useful to get an integrated picture of the places and regions with respect to ICZM Agreed by the EU ICZM Expert Group DEDUCE Interreg project ( )

Principles for indicator building Sustainability indicators linked to the aims of ICZM, as listed in the Recommendation follow these principles: –ecosystem based approach, for a sustainable use of resources –sound coastal protection, including cultural heritage –climate change effects –sustainable economic/job opportunities –a functioning social and cultural system in local communities and regions –Free access to the coast - for leisure –Quality of cultural/natural landscapes –cohesion to avoid marginal coastal settlements Principles aplicable to the building of indicators for EDEN destinations

Sustainable goals from the ICZM Recommendation 1. to control further development of undevelopped coast 2.To protect, enhance and celebrate cultural diversity; 3.To promote and support a dynamic coastal economy 4. To ensure that beaches are clean and coastal waters unpolluted 5.To reduce social exclusionand promote social cohesion in coastal communities 6. To use natural resources wisely 7. To recognise the threats to coastal zones posed by climate change and to ensure appropriate and ecologically responsible coastal protection

The ICZM indicator list (1) GOALS INDICATORS MEASUREMENT/DATA

The ICZM indicator list (2) GOALS INDICATORS MEASUREMENT/DATA

The ICZM indicator list (3) GOALS INDICATORS MEASUREMENT/DATA

Tourism: Second homes in Essex (UK), Pas de Calais (FR), W.Flanders (BE) and Zeeland (NL)

Sustainable development and investments models: an example from ICZM indicators Map of the relationship between the percent of the young population and the percent of second and holiday homes. -2d Home and holliday houses are correlated with young jobs and residence in W. Flanders -But other parameters explain young presence. - Pas de Calais region has the higher level of young residence because of planning and investments in Technopols, summer universities (supporting cultural tourism activities) -Tourism is included in other activities giving added value.

How these indicators can support sustainable tourism EDEN network? ICZM is not only applicable to coast but to the territory in general: Is the ICZM conceptual framework useful for EDEN network? –Same principles ? Same Goals? –EDEN Indicators want to assess destination quality management –EEA support the work of building a small set of sustainable destination indicators –then they can be locally produced where comparable data exist at the different destination sites –better to begin by a small set of indicators than can be upgraded with time and experience –Easy to use by tourism sector - Sust Tourism indicators should look all together at environmental, socio-economic and cultural developments (integrated view)

Relevant fluxes to be taken into account Investments (from abroad, local) Global context/Tour operators (USERS) EDEN Destination DPSIR approach for ST integrated framework concept Response: management State Impacts Pressures DRIVERSDRIVERS

Sustainable Tourism indicators: some thoughts We collaborate in the building of indicators for tourism destination management: –need specific development Destination management can be a response also to manage global flows (Drivers, pressures,impacts) in an integrated territorial approach of global/local issues  Impacts are not only at destination !  scales matters for a consistant EU tourism policy) Destination indicators should measure natural capital and ecosystem services in the places –Accounting framework measuring cost/benefits of assets and flows (following DPSIR squeme) – -exchange and work with other sectors (agriculture, fisheries, energy, environment, etc)__>to support other sectors involving tourism activities -Sustainable tourism needs to be solidary between EU regions. How to manage from the destination point of view? RELEVANT FOR EUROPE because these indicators describe the market share and opportunities (for investments, leisure,etc) among MS.

CCLN: Sustainable tourism accounting investments from abroad/local; Return of benefits on local population, on investors Management of ecosystem services –Maintenance of natural capital and cultural heritage, landscape and water quality (agriculture,fisheries(provisioning),leasure and tourism(cultural), flood control, water auto-depuration (regulatory), –Cost of amortization of environmental resources (eg.Cost of restauration when neded? Who pays? ) Well being of local population (and users): job access and quality, incomes, health… Cultural heritage: keep traditional uses and local knowledge, avoid aculturation, need of solidarity (relations users/locals) (eg. Avoid “rich” tourism vs “poor” destinations) Local activity and global impacts (soil sealing, green house emissions)

Thank you! Thanks for your attention !

Sustainable Tourism indicators: some thoughts (2) -Governance model with all engaged actors at different scales to avoid conflicts of interest to build on basic agreements for sustainability goals  common understanding and definition of sustainable tourism sharing same framework concept -Common decision-making for an agreed Integrated strategic planning, where the place of tourism is clearly set-up in sustainable development main goals.