Review: States of Matter, Thermal Energy & Energy Transfer

Matter Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space Everything around us

Four States of Matter Solids particles vibrate but can’t move around fixed shape fixed volume incompressible

Four States of Matter Liquids particles can move around but are still close together variable shape fixed volume virtually incompressible

Four States of Matter Gases particles can separate and move throughout container variable shape variable volume easily compressed vapor = gaseous state of a substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature

Four States of Matter Plasma particles collide with enough energy to break into charged particles (+/-) gas-like, variable shape & volume stars, fluorescent light bulbs, TV tubes

Energy & Temperature Energy is the ability to do work or produce heat. Temperature is a measure of the random motions (kinetic energy) of the components of a substance Hot waterCold water Fast Slow

Temperature & Heat Heat transfer is a flow of energy between two objects due to a temperature difference between the objects. o Heat transfer is the way in which thermal energy is moved from a hot object to a colder object. Hot water Cold water (90. o C) (10. o C) Water Water (50. o C) (50. o C)

Heat Transfer Heat always flows from warmer to cooler objects. Ice gets warmer while hand gets cooler Cup gets cooler while hand gets warmer

Types of Energy Mechanical energy- due to a object’s motion Electrical energy- caused by movements of electrons Chemical energy- that is available for release from chemical reactions

Quiz Time What type of energy is shown below?

Quiz Time What type of energy is shown below?