Slide 1 of 33 chemistry

Slide 2 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Monatomic ions consist of a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons, respectively. Lose electrons = positive ion or cation Gain electrons = negative ions or anions 9.1

Slide 3 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Cations When the metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A lose electrons, they form cations with positive charges equal to their group number. 9.1

Slide 4 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions The names of the cations of the Group 1A, Group 2A, and Group 3A metals are the same as the name of the metal, followed by the word ion or cation. 9.1

Slide 5 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions These elements have ionic charges that can be obtained from their group numbers

Slide 6 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Anions The charge of any ion of a Group A nonmetal is determined by subtracting 8 from the group number. Ex. Group 5A is = 5-8=3- Anion names start with the stem of the element name and end in -ide. Ex. Chlorine becomes chloride 9.1

Slide 7 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions These Group A elements form anions

Slide 8 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions 9.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 9 of 33 Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions The charges of the cations of many transition metal ions must be determined from the number of electrons lost. Many of the cations have more than one possible charge, or valence. 9.1

Slide 10 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions These colorful solutions contain the transition metal ions Co 3+, Cr 3+, Fe 3+, Ni 2+, and Mn

Slide 11 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Many transition metal compounds are colored and can be used as pigments. 9.1

Slide 12 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions Two methods are used to name the ions of transition metals, that have more than one possible charge. The Stock system The classical method 9.1

Slide 13 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions In the Stock system, a Roman numeral in parentheses is placed after the name of the element to indicate the numerical value of the charge. Fe 2+ is Iron (II) 9.1

Slide 14 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions In an older less, useful method, the classical name of the element is used to form the root name for the element. Lower charge –ous suffix Higher charge –ic suffix Ex.Fe 2+ - ferrous Fe 3+ - ferric 9.1

Slide 15 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions 9.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 16 of 33 Conceptual Problem

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 17 of 33 Practice Problems Practice Problems For Conceptual Problem 9.1 Problem-Solving 9.1 Solve Problem 1 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial. for Conceptual Problem 9.1

Slide 18 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions These models show the structures of four common polyatomic ions. These are groups of atoms with a charge. 9.1

Slide 19 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions, are composed of more than one atom. The names of most polyatomic anions end in -ite or -ate. These all contain oxygen, and are called oxyanions 9.1

Slide 20 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Names and Formulas of Some Common Polyatomic Ions 9.1

Slide 21 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Sodium hydrogen carbonate (aka sodium bicarbonate) can relieve an upset stomach. 9.1

Slide 22 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions HCO 3 –, HPO 4 2–, and H 2 PO 4 – ions in your blood are critical for your health. (hydrogen carbonate, hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate (Notice how the charge changes when you add H) 9.1

Slide 23 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions Fertilizers contain HPO 4 2– and H 2 PO 4 – ions. A very common fertilizer is ammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 3 PO 4.. This was used to make an ANFO (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil) bomb that destroyed the Morrow Federal Building in Oklahoma City. 9.1

Slide 24 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Morrow Federal Building - Before

Slide 25 of 33 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming Ions > Morrow Federal Building - After

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