PREFIXES These are added to the beginning of words to change their meaning anti- dis- pre- re-

EXAMPLES OF WORDS WITH PREFIXES Where’s the prefix? antifreeze disagree nonsense superstar unfriendly

Usually you can just add the prefix to the beginning and make the word mean something else For example, when you add un- to friendly it makes a word that means the opposite of friendly.

SUFFIXES These are added to the end of a word to change its meaning or show how a word will be used. -s -ed -ing -er -est

EXAMPLES OF WORDS WITH SUFFIXES Where’s the suffix excitable laughed happier hottest bedding

CONSONANTS AND VOWELS A review VOWELS A E I O U Sometimes Y CONSONANTS Every other letter in the alphabet

RULES, RULES, RULES Usually when you add a suffix the spelling of the root word stays the same, BUT there are some words where the spelling of the root word changes when you add a suffix.

DOUBLING RULE 1 For most short words that end in a consonant you need to double the last letter when you add a suffix. getting sunny If the word ends with more than one consonant you don’t double pumped singing

DOUBLE RULE 2 For most longer words that end in “L,” you need to double the “L” cancelled taller

DOUBLING RULE 3 For most longer words that have the stress on the last syllable AND end in a single consonant you need to double the last letter beginner If the word ends in a consonant, but the stress isn’t on the last word you don’t double the last letter offering

DOUBLING RULE 4 If you have a word ending in a consonant and a suffix starting in a consonant, you don’t need to double the last letter. Enrolment

“Y” TO “I” RULE When you add a suffix to a word that ends in y, you change the “Y” to and “I.” happiness EXCEPT when you add the suffix –ing copying

SILENT “E” RULE When you add a “Y” or a suffix which starts with a vowel, you drop the silend “E.” noisy EXCEPT when the word ends in “CE” or “GE” and the suffix starts with a vowel. Then leave the silent “E.” peaceable

What are some words with suffixes? Write them in the chat box. Can you give some examples of doubling? Can you give some examples of changing the “Y” to “I”? Can you give some example of the silent “E” rule?

WAYS TO PRACTICE SPELLING WORDS Put sand in a cookie sheet and spell the words in the sand Write each word in crayons. One on top of another. It looks like a rainbow Write a tongue twister using your word. If your word is “helped”. “Henry Hilton helped hide happy hornets.” Cover a desk with shaving cream and write the word in the shaving cream. ASK YOUR LEARNING COACH BEFORE YOU DO THIS !