JIAN CHAN SPENCER KEH BRIAN NG ENRIQUE OLIVARES VAN YU

8 TH COMMANDMENT Exodus 20:16 Deuteronomy 5:20

GUIDE TO A GOOD CONFESSION Did I lie? Did I deliberately deceive others, or injure others with lies? Did I commit perjury? Did I gossip or reveal others’ faults or sins? Did I fail to keep secret what should be kept confidential?

The “TRUTH” The 8 th commandment must be understood in the context of truth as based on the Holy Trinity. Truth is grounded in God the Father who is the source of all truth. Truth is fully manifested in the beloved Son, Jesus Christ, who is the Truth come to set us free.

The “TRUTH” The Holy Spirit is the Spirit of truth that comes from the Father The most common offense against truth is LYING, or the intentional misrepresentation of the truth by word, gesture, or even silence.

LYING The most common offense against truth Lying about oneself or others can harm the integrity and reputation of the person lied about, those hearing the lie, the peace and harmony of the community, and the genuine good of the person who lied.

REASONS FOR LYING Exaggerations to impress others Fear of others Saving face before others Flattery Malice Greed to deceive others Committing Perjury

WHY TELL THE TRUTH? We have the general duty to tell the truth, for truth is a value itself. The inescapable human need for truth is grounded on our dignity as human persons. Sometimes, telling lies weaken our relationship with our neighbors.

KINDS OF LYING Less serious lies: – White lies: harmless lies which offers some benefit to the liar, or the hearer, or both – “Nagpapasiklab”: lies fabricated when one boasts – Lies to gain favor with others

KINDS OF LYING -“Palusot”: caused by fear to escape from something - “Pagtatakip”: to save face by preserving one’s supposed good image before others to avoid possible consequences - “Sabi-sabi”: careless lying

KINDS OF LYING -“Pambobola”: simple flattery, where the liar distorts situations within the community -Lying by omission: when important facts are omitted in a person’s statement

KINDS OF LYING -Lie-to-children: an expression that describes a lie told to make an adult subject, such as sex, acceptable to children - Bluffing: lies used in games, mostly used in gambling games or card games

KINDS OF LYING -Careful Speaking: the speaker wishes to avoid imparting certain information, or admitting certain facts, and does not want to “lie” when doing so. This often involves giving “half answers”.

KINDS OF LYING -Jocose lies: lies which are meant in jest and are usually understood as such by all present parties. Sarcasm can be an example of this.

KINDS OF LYING More serious lies: – Lies told with malice to harm others –Lies of propaganda or those that one tells to profit oneself from something, as in advertisements which intentionally deceive and lead others to buy their products.

KINDS OF LYING - Silence (pagsasawalang-kibo or walang pakialam): can be a lie when it is done to avoid trouble or to support something known to be wrong - “Tsismisan” or gossiping

KINDS OF LYING - Slander: when the faults we talk about are untrue or fabricated - Perjury: the willful giving of false testimony under oath

TRUTH AT ALL COSTS We normally owe the truth to those who have the right to know. But not everyone has a right to know everything we know, especially if the persons concerned are indiscreet or the knowledge would harm them. (e.g. Lie – to – children)

CHRISTIAN WITNESS A christian witness of the 8 th commandment is the brave and courageous Heidi Mendoza. Her face is now splashed on news websites and newspapers, and mentioned in newscasts nationwide. She knew her days of quiet living and anonymous life would come to an end as soon as she testified

CHRISTIAN WITNESS Before the House of representatives regarding anomalies in the military. She spilled what she knew of anomalous transactions involving top generals of the AFP. By doing this, she defended the truth.

HEIDI MENDOZA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

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