Explorers & Settlements Chapter 4 Standard 8-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the settlement of South Carolina and the United States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans. 8-1.2: Compare the motives, activities, and accomplishments of the exploration of South Carolina and North America by the Spanish, French, and English.

Chapter 4 Settlement Timeline 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles Fort’s 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San Felipe’s 1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English settlement in America 1619 Africans first arrive in America 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on Ft San Felipe’s remains 1619 Africans first arrive in America 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on Charles Fort’s remains 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors 1607 Jamestown, VA 1st permanent settlement in Amercia

da Vinci’s helicopter diagram Chapter 4 European Renaissance da Vinci’s helicopter diagram da Vinci’s parachute diagram Kings (Spain, France, & England) Planned to become richer and more powerful through trade and owning new lands They financed explorers to find new trade routes and new land to claim From the land, they hoped to get natural resources which they could use or sell; either way, they would get richer.

Exploration Competition Spain, France, and England worked for a foothold in SC as part of the competition for colonies that would enrich the mother country.

3 G’s of Spanish Exploration: Chapter 4 Spanish Exploration Money & Power Trade ($) & Territory Conquistadors (Spanish Explorers/Conquerors) Claimed large areas of Central & South America Initially searched for Gold (The 3 G’s) in Florida, SC, and the American Southwest Soon set up encomiendas (large plantations) on which natives were put to work Disease and overwork would decimated the native population 3 G’s of Spanish Exploration: Gold God Glory

Spanish Exploration The Spanish brought in African Slaves to work the plantations and mines to produce more wealth Built cities & established universities Brought their complex social class system & style of government Their Catholic religion

Exploration Francisco Gordillo (Spanish) Chapter 4 Exploration Francisco Gordillo (Spanish) Sent by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon to explore North America 1st to explore South Carolina His voyage gave Spain claim to SC Giovanni da Verrazano (Italian –working for France) 1524 sighted land just north of Myrtle Beach (today) His voyage gave France claim to SC

Exploration and Colonies Chapter 4 Hernando de Soto April 1540 led an expedition across the Savannah River Entered Indian settlement Cofitachequi Stayed 2 weeks Moved towards present day North Carolina Headed west & died in Mississippi River Area 1st European to see the interior of South Carolina

Exploration San Miguel de Gualdalpe Chapter 4 San Miguel de Gualdalpe 1st settlement attempted in SC by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon (Spanish) Located on the Waccamaw River (Near present-day Georgetown) Settlers included some African slaves from Santo Domingo Settlement wiped out by a cold winter, food shortages, and disease San Miguel was abandoned

Spanish Settlements Ft. San Felipe (Spanish) Chapter 4 Ft. San Felipe (Spanish) Built on the abandoned settlement of Charlesfort, again trying to establish a foothold in SC This settlement survived for ten years until it was attacked by Native Americans Survivors fled to St. Augustine, Florida 1st permanent European settlement in North America Ft. San Marcos (Spanish) Attempted on same location as San Felipe Sent missionaries to convert natives to Catholicism Another Failed settlement

French Exploration Searching for the Northwest Passage Sailed down the St. Lawrence River and claimed the region for France. Established settlements at Montreal and Quebec Frenchmen traveled along the rivers, including the Mississippi River, and claimed those lands for France, naming it Louisiana after their king.

St. Lawrence River

French Exploration Although relatively few Frenchmen settled in these cold climates, they brought their culture with them. French Protestants (Huguenots)were not allowed to immigrate to the New World so the French colony was Catholic French traders established good relations with the native peoples Relied on the Natives for trade in furs.

Exploration Charlesfort (French) Chapter 4 Charlesfort (French) Jean Ribault led Huguenots to America in 1562 Built a fort near present day Beaufort (Parris Island) Named water Port Royal Later abandoned

English Exploration English explorers also sailed along the coast of North America, claiming these lands for the English King. They would later establish permanent settlements along the eastern coast naming them Virginia and New England. Some settlers were attracted to these regions by the hope for the discovery of gold & stayed to grow tobacco. Others were fleeing from religious persecution in England & founded societies based on their shared religious values All English settlers brought their culture, including their language, Protestant religions, and ideas about self-government, with them to the New World.

Exploration and Colonies Albemarle Point Settlement founded by English Became the 1st permanent colony (Charles Town) in SC The location offered many advantages to the settlers because of it’s natural harbors. South Carolina became an economically important colony for the British. Original location of Charles Town After whom were the rivers named?