高考阅读微技能 --- 猜测词义 高三英语 吕新华

A guessing game 1. What must you keep after giving it to someone else? Your word. 2. Which travels faster, heat or cold? Heat. You can catch cold. 3. What might one magnet ( 磁铁） say to another magnet? You’re attractive. 4. Where does Friday come before Thursday? In the dictionary. 5. It’s yours, but others use it more than you do. What is it? Your name.

Sum up: How can you make a guess? Make full use of the information given in the sentence. Use the meanings of other words in the sentence.

词义理解题常见的题型有 : 1.The author uses the word “…” to mean ____. 2.The underlined word (phrase, term) “…” means _____. 3.According to the passage, the word “…” properly means _____. 4.The word “…” in paragraph … refers to ____. 5.By “…”, the author means _____. 6. which of the following is closest in meaning to “…”? 7.What is “…”?

1. Definition and explanation 利用定义和 解释猜测词义； skimming = looking over a passage quickly ecology = a branch of biology that deals with the habits of living things, especially their relation to their environment 快速浏览, 略读 He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway. The underlined word means____. A.strong B. firm C. kind D. clever

2. Experience 根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义 Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. A.to work to live B. to eat to live C. to teach to live D. to pay to use

A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so. The word “audience” in the paragraph means ____. A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something

3. Related Information 即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。 The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest worked as an engineer.

4. Guessing from Comparison and Contrast 根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义； Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. country D. house the city

5. Guessing word from description exemplification 通过描述和例证猜词 A) You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. A. dictionaries B. story-books C. magazines D. newspapers

6. Guessing word from Synonym and Antonym. 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。 Is he intelligent or stupid? Most women in Ghana--- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved. The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means ____. A.Repeated B. reiterated. C. uneducated D. sick clever —————————————

7. Word formation 即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生 等构词知识判断生词的词义 (1)Overwork may cause diseases. 前缀 over- 的意思是 “ 过分的、过量的 ” 故 overwork 的意思应为 “ 工作过度 ” 。 (2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes. satisfied 的意思是 “ 满意的 ” ，前缀 dis- 的意思是 “ 不 ” ，故 dissatisfied 的意思应该是 “ 不满意的 ” 。

小结 : 遇到生词莫紧张, 先跳后猜是方向. 上文下文找线索, 构词方法能帮忙. 有关知识可利用, 切莫纠缠把时荒.