National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory JAPAN NTSEL OIL#58: Shorten test procedure (validation test in phase 1a)

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Trial Tests with Multi Cycle Test Method Test vehicle: Leaf (Nissan) Test plan (1)SCT (Single cycle test) To conduct the range test for each phase. (2)MCT (Multi cycle test) To consider MCT of WLTP based on SAE. (3) Compare SCT and MCT

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Proposed shorten test procedure with MCT based on SAE J1634

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Test vehicle 4 Condition 4WD Chassis dynamometerFF 2WD mode Setting weight (for WLTP gtr condition) 1681kg Ambient temperature deg.C 25 Vehicle condition: 2011 Model(ZAA-ZE0) Odometer : 4868 km (before the test)

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Measured Ranges with SCT PhaseRange UBE Usable Battery Capacity Eac AC Recharge Energy Low177.1 km18.7 kWh23.6 kWh Middle170.1 km19.7 kWh24.3 kWh High147.3 km20.2 kWh24.8 kWh Ex-High98.5 km19.5 kWh24.3 kWh This SCT test were conducted in the comparison with MCT and only Middle and Ex-High phases were conditioned in this test. Test Results with SCT

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Example: Measured Discharge Energy with SCT(Middle)

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Measured Energy Consumption with MCT PhaseDistance km Edc Wh Discharge Energy ECdc Wh/km Energy Consumption Low Middle High Ex-High Middle Low CSC M Low Middle High Ex-High Middle Low CSC E Usable Discharge Energy 19.9 kWh Usable Discharge Energy is the summation of Edc.

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL SOC variation

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL The range with MCT was estimated by the following equations. Energy Consumption Wh/km = k 1 ×EC 1 + k 2 ×EC 2 + k 3 ×EC 3 + k 4 ×EC 4 Range km = (Usable Discharge Energy Wh) / (Energy Consumption Wh/km) For middle range; Energy Consumption Wh/km = k 1 ×EC middle1 + k 2 ×EC middle2 + k 3 ×EC middle3 + k 4 ×EC middle4 = Wh/km Range km =19.9 kWh/ Wh/km = km k 1 =(Discharge Energy for the first Cycle Wh) / (Usable Discharge Energy Wh) k 2 = k 3 = k 4 =(1- k 1 )/3 Where, k 1 = 632 Wh / 19.9 kWh = 0.03 k 2 = k 3 = k 4 = (1- k 1 )/3 = 0.32 Calculation equations for ranges with MCT

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL PhaseMeasured Range (SCT) Estimated Range (MCT) Comparison SCT vs MCT Low177.1km183.2km6.1km3.6% Middle170.1km172.9km2.8km1.7% High147.3km146.1km1.2km0.8% Ex-High98.5km99.5km1.0km1.1% The results show that the error was small. Thus, it is considered that the shorten test procedure with MCT is usable. Time reduction effect with the shorten test procedure with MCT The measurement of four ranges with SCT consumed 22:00. The measurement of four ranges with MCT consumed 3:30. Estimated Range with MCT

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL RangesSingle Cycle TestShorten test procedure WLTC range only 3days Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Day3 for re-charge 3days Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Day3 for re-charge WLTC range and WLTC city range 5ays Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Day3 for charge Day4 for WLTP city SCT Day5 for re-charge 3days Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Calculation is applied for WLTP city range Day3 for re-charge WLTC range, Low phase range, Middle phase range, High phase range and Extra High phase range 11days Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Day3 for charge Day4 for Low phase SCT Day5 for charge Day6 for Middle phase SCT Day7 for charge Day8 for High phase SCT Day9 for charge Day10 for extra High phase SCT Day11 for re-charge 3days Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Calculation is applied for other ranges Day3 for re-charge Effect in duration reduction for tests

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Single Cycle TestShorten test procedure Range [km]UBE [Wh]DC electricity consumption [Wh/km] methodConstant speedNAAffectedNA Cycle sequence Order of phases NA Affected Cycle configuration Length of CSC NA Affected MeasurementSpeed pattern tracingStrongly affected Especially for the final cycle NAAffected  Robustness: Can the both test procedures produce good agreements on results with other PEVs? ⇒ Demand for validation tests Concerns  Fluctuation: Influencing factors on range measurement

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 、 JAPAN NTSEL Fluctuation in single cycle test Measured range was kmMeasured range was km  Comparison of current and speed at 10 th cycle No power down Tracing in 11 th cycle was available Power down at this timing Tracing in 11 th cycle was not available The variation of range is sensitive to driving situations in high speed parts of the cycle. If the test vehicle is driven successfully during high speed tracing, the range will be long. If it is not, the range will be short.