{ Resistors Fighting against the regime.  Nazis carried out systematic murder in much of Europe  Silently accepted by millions of bystanders  Organized.

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Presentation transcript:

{ Resistors Fighting against the regime

 Nazis carried out systematic murder in much of Europe  Silently accepted by millions of bystanders  Organized resistance found in some areas  Most effective: partisans and underground fighters Exceptions to Every Rule

 Many did fight back  Overt opposition was rarely wise because of the danger of reprisals from the Germans to community members/on-the-spot death Why didn’t they fight back?

 Jehovah’s Witnesses  Communists  Socialists  Trade Union Leaders  The White Rose German Resistance

 The mainstream German church supported the Nazi regime  Individual German theologians opposed the Nazis  Clandestinely wrote, printed, distributed anti- Nazi literature Churches Take Sides

 A “model of spiritual resistance”  Defiant  Refused to serve in the German army  As concentration camp prisoners, they organized illegal study groups  Marked with purple triangles  Would be freed if they signed documents renouncing their religion Jehovah’sJehovah’s Witnesses Jehovah’s

 “Protest of Youth”  Movement founded in 1942 by a 24-yr-old medical student and his sister and friend  Stands for purity and innocence in the face of evil  Distributed anti-Nazi leaflets and painted “Freedom!” and “Down with Hitler!” on walls  Arrested in 1943 and executed four days later The White Rose White RoseWhite Rose

 Young medical students began a grassroots campaign to end the Nazis’ influence by passive resistance  They were ordered to the Russian front but returned quickly after seeing the maltreatment of Jews and prisoners.  Determined to make the White Rose a permanent resistance cell The White Rose Inspires

 Many throughout the war  Unsuccessful attempt in 1944—Hitler survived the bomb bomb  4 leaders immediately shot, 200 others killed later Plots to Assassinate Hitler

 “partisans”—guerilla fighters who offered armed resistance  Found in Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Greece, and Poland  Members of other victimized groups resisted— in May 1944, SS men ordered Roma to leave barracks of Auschwitz: they refused, armed with knives and axes—SS men retreated Anti-Nazi Organizations

1. Armed Resistance—violent, confrontational challenges to persecution 2. Alleviation—activities designed to avert danger (petitions, protection, ransoms) 3. Evasion—flight, concealment, hiding 4. Paralysis—inability to respond at all 5. Compliance--Acceptance Pattern of Jewish Resistance

 Nazi policy was brutal reprisal against the whole community for any individual act of Jewish resistance  Lack of weapons  Continued hope of surviving  These factors initially repressed armed resistance in ghettos UnarmedUnarmed Resistance Unarmed

 Millions unaware that the Final Solution was being implemented until as late as 1942  “Mussellmen” –prisoners wasting away in concentration camps (apathetic—walking skeletons) Awareness