Current Status and Challenging Issues of Nuclear Energy in Korea Park, Yong Taek President & CEO Korea Power Engineering Company, Inc. 18th World Energy Congress October 22, 2001, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Need for Nuclear Energy (1)  Nuclear Energy in Korea Energy security Resolution of global warming problem

Need for Nuclear Energy (2)  The Energy Security The lack of internal energy resources Import almost all energy resources from abroad Diversified energy supply has increased our energy security Oil Hydro Nuclear Coal 83.9% 5.7% 7.4% 3.0% Oil Hydro Nuclear Coal 8.0% 2.1% 40.9% 36.6% Gas12.4% ( Electric power generation by energy sources )

Need for Nuclear Energy (3)  The Global Warming Problem Kyoto agreement on the Climate Change Treaty  requires the reduction of Greenhouse Gas emissions Nuclear Energy is :  a feasible solution to global warming problem  important alternative to fossil fuel

Current Status of NPPs in Korea (1) SEOUL SEOUL PWR PHWR PWR Ulchin #1,2,3 & 4 Ulchin #5&6 Wolsong #1,2,3&4 Kori #1,2,3&4 Yonggwang #1,2,3&4 Yonggwang #5&6 CHINA JAPAN RUSSIA r Location of NPPs 16 In Operation 4 under Construction 6 Planned 16 In Operation 4 under Construction 6 Planned

Current Status of NPPs in Korea (2) r Trend of Capacity Factor 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% ’90 ’92 ’94 ’96 ’98 ’ Year Korea World ( Source : Nucleonics Week ) USA Korea Japan World

Current Status of NPPs in Korea (3) r Trend of Unplanned Outages ’90 ’92 ’94 ’96 ’98 ’99 ’ Year Korea Japan ( Source : IAEA Power Reactor Information System ) ( No / Unit - Year ) USA Korea Japan

Year Power Generation Nuclear Coal Oil Gas X 10 3 GWh Hydro 266,380GWh 329,412GWh 384,713GWh 426,769GWh 108,964 (40.9%) 126,364 (38.4%) 153,156 (39.9%) 190,125 (44.5%) (34.9%) (7.2%) (10.8%) (1.1%) (36.6%) (8.0%) (12.4%) (2.1%) rLong Term Power Development Plan Current Status of NPPs in Korea (4)

KSNP + APR 1400 KSNP Series Turnkey Non Turnkey ’ 70 ’ 75 ’ 78 ’ 81 ’ 84 ’ 87 ’ 90 ’ 93 ’ 96 ’ 99 ’ 02 ’ 05 ’ 08 ’ 11 ’ 15 No.of Unit Shin Wolsong 1,2 Shin Kori 3,4 Wolsong 2,3,4 Shin Kori 1,2 Yonggwang 5,6 Ulchin 5,6 Ulchin 3,4 Yonggwang 3,4 Ulchin 1,2 Yonggwang 1,2 Kori 3,4 Kori 2 Wolsong 1 Kori 1 Const. Opr.  Technology Development New Project Plan Technology Development in Korea (1) 24 16

r KSNP Development 1,000MWe, Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Design life : 40 years Incorporated reinforced safety requirements after Three Mile Island and Chernobyl accidents Accident probability (CDF) : 1.0 x /yr 4 units in operation and 4 units under construction Technology Development in Korea (2)

Technology Development in Korea (3) rNew Design Development Program Improved economics, safety, and operability KSNP+  Same type PWR plant as KSNP  Improved safety and economics  4 units to be in operation by 2010 Advanced Power Reactor(APR) 1400  1,400MWe, Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)  Safety improved (by 50%)  More competitive than coal power  4 units to be in operation by 2014

Challenges for Future Development(1)  Safety  Waste management  Public acceptance  Economic competitiveness

Challenges for Future Development(2)  Safety Technology development & back fitting experiences Int’l cooperation for information exchanges Adopted PSR(Periodic Safety Review)  To improve the safety of operating plants  PSR for the 9 operating plants to be carried out by 2006.

Challenges for Future Development(3)  Waste Management Faced with difficulties due to public opposition Wait and see the future technology innovation Spent nuclear fuels are temporarily stored at the site. Seriously considering the construction of a centralized interim storage facility

Challenges for Future Development(4)  Public Acceptance Essential to the role of nuclear energy for sustainable development To obtain public supports :  Transparency should be maintained  Information on the economic & environmental benefit should be communicated

Challenges for Future Development(5)  Economic Competitiveness Very important to sustain nuclear energy Nuclear will not succeed, if not competitive Many studies and efforts being made world-wide Need international cooperation for technology exchange

 Public acceptance is very important Conclusions Conclusions  No alternative large scale non-carbon power source is available  Nuclear energy will hold a firm position as a main source of electricity generation