Comparing Kinds of Matter Chapter 5

Lesson 1: Properties of Matter

How can you describe matter? Matter is everywhere. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass and volume. Matter is constantly experiencing both chemical and physical changes.

Mass the amount of matter in an object can be measured on an equal pan balance measured in kilograms or grams the mass of an object is always equal to the sum of the masses of the pieces of the object

Weight how strongly gravity pulls on an object if an object has more mass, it will also have more weight weight is measured in Newtons,

Volume Measures how much space matter takes up. volume of liquids measured in milliliters by using a graduated cylinder, beaker or measuring cup volume of solids is usually measured in cubic centimeters

REVIEW

Measures Weight NEWTONS AND POUNDS

The amount of matter in an object MASS

How strongly gravity pulls on an object WEIGHT

Measures Volume MILILITERS AND CUBIC CENTIMETERS

Measures how much space matter takes up VOLUME

Measures Mass KILOGRAMS AND GRAMS

What is density? the amount of mass for each cm 3 of a substance to calculate density, you divide its mass by its volume

Buoyancy the resistance to sinking It occurs because the fluid that is being pushed out of the way pushes back on the object If an object is denser than the liquid, than it can push harder and the object will sink If the fluid is denser than the object, the fluid can push harder and the object floats

Surface Tension In, water every particle pulls itself toward the other particles. This attraction creates a “skin”. ‘ This skin is the surface tension If an object is spread over the surface it can rest on this skin even if it would not normally float If an object is not spread out enough, it will break the skin and sink

What forms can matter have? A state of matter takes one of three forms: Solid Liquid Gas

Solids Have a definite shape Have a definite volume Molecules are held close together and there is very little movement between them. densest state of matter Examples: - book, table, (have regular shapes like cubes)

Liquids Have an indefinite shape Have a definite volume (takes the shape of its container) Atoms and molecules have more space between them and are able to move more freely the second densest state of matter

Gas Have an indefinite shape Have an indefinite volume Molecules are moving in random patterns with varying amounts of distance between the particles. Particles are not close together and can move past each other easily the least dense state of matter Examples: Air, helium that inflates balloons. steam