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Section 2-Preview All three theoretical perspectives agree that socialization is needed if cultural and societal values are to be learned. Symbolic interactionism offers the most fully developed perspective for studying socialization. In this approach, the self-concept is developed by using other people as mirrors for learning about ourselves.

Section 2-Key Terms self-concept looking-glass self significant others role taking imitation stage play stage game stage generalized other “me” “I”

A.A B.B C.C Section-Polling Question Which group would you consider as a reflection of yourself? A.Friends B.Classmates C.Siblings

Section 2 The Functionalist and Conflict Perspective on Socialization Functionalism stresses the ways in which groups work together to create a stable society. The conflict perspective views socialization as a way of perpetuating the status quo.

A.A B.B C.C Section 2 A person accepts his family’s social class, and thus preserves the class system. What is this an example of? A.Functionalism B.Conflict perspective C.Neither

Section 2 Symbolic Interactionism and Socialization Key concepts of symbolic interactionism: –The self-concept—your image of yourself as having an identity separate from other people.self-concept –The looking-glass self—we use other people as mirrors to reflect back what we imagine they think of us.looking-glass self

Section 2 Symbolic Interactionism and Socialization (cont.) The looking-glass self is a three-step process: –We imagine how we appear to others. –We imagine the reaction of others to our appearance. –We evaluate ourselves according to how we imagine others have judged us.

Section 2 Significant others are the people whose judgments are most important to our self concepts.Significant others Role taking allows us to see ourselves through the eyes of someone else.Role taking Symbolic Interactionism and Socialization (cont.)

Section 2 Symbolic Interactionism and Socialization (cont.) This is a three stage process: –Imitation stageImitation stage –Play stagePlay stage –Game stageGame stage

Section 2 Symbolic Interactionism and Socialization (cont.) The generalized other is an integrated conception of norms, values, and beliefs of one’s community or society.generalized other Self equals “I” (unlearned, spontaneous acts) versus “Me” (predictability and conformity learned through socialization).“I”“Me” Socialization and Mass Media

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 2 Obsessing over the way certain people at school may view the way you dress is an example of which concept? A.The looking-glass self B.Significant others C.Role taking D.The generalized other

Section 4-End

Figure 4.1

Vocab 2 self-concept an image of yourself as having an identity separate from other people

Vocab 3 looking-glass self an image of yourself based on what you believe others think of you

Vocab 4 significant others those people whose reactions are most important to your self-concept

Vocab 5 role taking assuming the viewpoint of another person and using that viewpoint to shape the self- concept

Vocab 6 imitation stage Mead’s first stage in the development of role taking; children begin to imitate behaviors without understanding why

Vocab 7 play stage Mead’s second stage in the development of role taking; children act in ways they imagine other people would

Vocab 8 game stage Mead’s third stage in the development of role taking; children anticipate the actions of others based on social rules

Vocab 9 generalized other integrated conception of the norms, values, and beliefs of one’s community or society

Vocab 10 “me” the part of the self formed through socialization

Vocab 11 “I” the part of the self that accounts for unlearned, spontaneous acts