Microevolution Quiz  Do not write on it in the same color as you took the quiz  If you think you did well on it and it will help your grade, turn it back in and I will put it in the gradebook  If not, use it as a study tool for the Unit Exam

#1 B – Genetic Drift  Populations fluctuating wildly and randomly  Must be due to small population

#2 - B  If it especially common in European population there likely was a benefit at some point  Dominant alleles disappear quite easily from populations (and it’s a recessive disease)  Genetic drift wouldn’t explain why a harmful mutation would become relatively common  Gene flow wouldn’t explain why it is common in Europeans but not others

#3 B - Mutation  There were 0 recessive alleles prior to the 5 th generation, so a mutation must have created it

#4  About 4.3 million individuals  Means there are 8.6 million beak alleles  20% of alleles are dominant, meaning 80% are recessive  80% or 0.8*8.6 million = 6.9 million

#5  Population size grew when recessive allele became present, so recessive allele must have INCREASED survival/reproduction  Any trait that would increase reproduction

#6  Birth weights should become more stabilized or more in the middle

#7  Drift – anything with a small population  Mutation – DNA error  Natural selection – differential survival/reproduction  Sexual selection – differential mating  Gene flow/migration

HUMAN EVOLUTION

Billion Years Ago  Earth forms

About 3-4 billion years ago  Life begins  Not sure how  Probably a single-celled bacteria like organism

About 2.1 billion years ago  Eukaryotes evolve

About 600 million years ago  Simple animals evolve  Looked similar to sponges

About 220 million years ago  The first mammal evolves

65-85 million years ago  The first primates evolve

25 million years ago  Apes lineage separates from monkeys

15 million years ago  Great apes separate from other primates  Formation of family hominidae

10 million years ago  Chimpanzee/ Human ancestor separates from gorilla ancestor

6-8 million years ago  Human lineage separates from chimpanzee/ bonobo ancestor Toumi – 7million year old fossil a possible common ancestor

4.4 million years ago  Age of fossil Ardi

3.2 million years ago  Age of fossil Lucy

million years ago  The first members of genus Homo appear  Significant increase in brain size

Which species do we come from?  We really don’t know!  Lots of fossils, but really hard to figure out which one gave rise to which

What We Think  Many species overlapped, some left Africa earlier than homo sapiens did

Task  Make an online dating profile for your species of human ancestor/relative  Include:  Pictures (ideally a rendering of what we think it looked like as well as any fossils)  When and where they lived  Basic facts about their anatomy and their lifestyle  Fun facts and things that make that species unique  Present it to the class on Tuesday

Example Age: Been around 195,000 years Location: All continents except Antarctica Originally from: Africa Hobbies: Walking upright, using my large brain, using language and tools efficiently to build civilization, having the most flexible thumb in our family, enjoying a long childhood Fun facts: Very low genetic diversity relative to other species. We probably all share a common ancestor within the last 8,000 years “Siblings”: The neanderthals, but we probably killed them off. Why You Should Date Me: Less hairy than my relatives, the only species to blush Homo Sapiens