DO NOW: Read over p. 306 – 309. Make a Frayer Diagram to show the meaning of the term “Industrial Revolution” Industrial Revolution Define Non-examples (can be drawings) Examples (can be drawings) What changes were brought about because of it?

DO NOW: Recreate the diagram and fill in with information on what changes were brought about by the Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution

Cities grew as people moved to work in factories and mills Changes in the factory system made production cheaper and faster Inventions allowed agriculture to expand U.S. gained wealth, power, and independence

Industrial Revolution  Change from agricultural and home based (cottage industry) production to factories and industry  First began in Great Britain in the mid 1700’s

Three British inventions revolutionized the textile industry  Spinning jenny  Water frame  Power loom

How did British industrial technology make its way to the United States  Samuel Slater worked in factories that used machines for spinning cotton cloth  He memorized the design and came to the U.S.  Industrial espionage

Why was New England ideal for industry?  Poor farming meant people needed to find work elsewhere  Many rushing rivers and streams  Close to resources  Many ports

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First textile factories  Samuel Slater opened first spinning mill in 1790 in Connecticut  Francis Cabot Lowell opened the first textile plant in Waltham, Massachusetts in 1814

Factory system  Lowell’s factories included all stages of cloth making under one roof (not the same as assembly line)

The Lowell factory system was designed to bring work and workers together. A typical Lowell textile mill in 1830 housed 4,500 spindles, 120 power looms, and more than 200 employees under one roof. Textile Mill This feature can be found on page 307 of your textbook. Safari Video on rise of industry

Mill Bell Schedule

Eli Whitney  Invented the Cotton Gin – machine that cleans cotton  Developed the idea of interchangeable parts – uniform pieces made in large quantities that can replace other parts

How did the cotton gin and the Industrial Revolution affect cotton production?  – increased from 3,000 bales to 300,000 bales

Cities begin to grow due to Industry Cities begin to grow due to Industry  People needed to live near the factories  Problems with growing cities:  Overcrowding  Unsanitary conditions  Disease  Fire

Other new development…  Transportation advances are also developed in order to move goods to and from factories.  What forms of transportation do you think they will use most?  Rivers/boats  Roads  Canal  Railroad (by 1850’s)

Why do you think most people lived in rural areas? What were some of the largest cities at this time?

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Review: Recreate the diagram and fill in with information on how did the rise of industry and trade lead to the growth of cities.

Factory jobs and production Increase in trade and commerce Located near water sources for power Shopping, libraries, and museums