2008 ADSA-ASAS Joint Annual Meeting Indianapolis, July 7-11 Genetic Parameters of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Estimated by Test-Day Model.

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2008 ADSA-ASAS Joint Annual Meeting Indianapolis, July 7-11 Genetic Parameters of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Estimated by Test-Day Model in Walloon Dairy Cattle H. Soyeurt 1, C. Bastin 1, P. Dardenne 2, F. Dehareng 2, and N. Gengler 1,3 1 Gembloux Agricultural University, Animal Science Unit, Belgium 2 Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Quality Department, Belgium 3 National Fund for Scientific Research, Belgium

Introduction  Interest for human health  Milk fatty acid composition:  Saturated (SAT): 70%  Monounsaturated (MONO): 25%  Polyunsaturated : 5%

Introduction  Interest for human health  Milk fatty acid composition:  Saturated (SAT): 70% (vs. 30%)  Monounsaturated (MONO): 25% (vs. 60%)  Polyunsaturated : 5% (vs. 10%)

Introduction  Interest for human health  Milk fatty acid composition:  Saturated (SAT): 70% (vs. 30%)  Monounsaturated (MONO): 25% (vs. 60%)  Polyunsaturated : 5% (vs. 10%)  Modifying the milk fatty acid profile

General Objective  Sources of variation:  Feeding  Genetic: Previous studies: Moderate heritability estimates Constant genetic parameters throughout the lactation?  Aim of this study:  Estimate the genetic parameters for SAT and MONO in bovine milk using multi-trait random regression test-day models

Materials & Methods  Data set:  4 < DIM < 366  100,799 TD records ( ) Including 4,666 spectra (March 2005 – July 2007)  11,626 primiparous Holstein cows  18,573 animals in the pedigree

Materials & Methods  Estimation of SAT and MONO contents  New PLS calibration equations  114 milk samples in the calibration set  Indicator of butter hardness = SAT:UNSAT g/dL of milkR²cvRPD SAT MONO

Studied traits Validation on 14 milk samples R=0.92 R= correlation between reference and MIR data

Studied traits NMeanSD Milk (kg/day)100, Fat (g/100g of milk)100, Protein (g/100g of milk)100, SAT (g/100g of milk)4, MONO (g/100g of milk)4, SAT (g/100g of fat)4, MONO (g/100g of fat)4, SAT:UNSAT4,

Studied traits NMeanSD Milk (kg/day)100, Fat (g/100g of milk)100, Protein (g/100g of milk)100, SAT (g/100g of milk)4, MONO (g/100g of milk)4, SAT (g/100g of fat)4, MONO (g/100g of fat)4, SAT:UNSAT4,

Studied traits NMeanSD Milk (kg/day)100, Fat (g/100g of milk)100, Protein (g/100g of milk)100, SAT (g/100g of milk)4, MONO (g/100g of milk)4, SAT (g/100g of fat)4, MONO (g/100g of fat)4, SAT:UNSAT4,

Materials & Methods  Models:  Fixed effects: Herd x date of test Class of 15 days in milk Class of age  Random effects: Herd x year of calving Permanent environment Additive genetic effect Residuals

Materials & Methods  Models:  Fixed effects: Herd x date of test Class of 15 days in milk Class of age  Random effects: Herd x year of calving Permanent environment Additive genetic effect Residuals Second order Legendre Polynomials

Results: Lactation Effect

Results: Season Effect

Results: Heritability (milk)

Results: Heritability (fat)

Results: Variances (%SAT) Mobilization of lipids from adipose tissue ???

Results

Conclusion  Results confirm the genetic variability of fatty acids  Genetic parameters of fatty acids change throughout the lactation:  Highest heritability and additive genetic variance at the beginning and at the end of the lactation  Correlations between SAT and MONO change within the lactation  Partly influenced by the fatty acid production??

Thank you for your attention Acknowledgments FNRS grants: F Walloon Breeding Association Milk Committee of Battice