Chapter 1 Density.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 1 Density

Measuring Volume The amount of space occupied by an object is called its volume If you want to know the volume of a solid rectangle, such as a brick, you measure its length, width, and, height and multiply the three numbers and their units together (V = 1 x w x h).

Measuring Volume For a brick, your measurements probably would be in centimeters. The volume would then be expressed in cubic centimeters, cm3. In measuring a liquid’s volume, you are indicating the capacity of the container that holds that amount of liquid. The most common units for expressing liquid volumes are liters and milliliters.

Measuring Liquid Volume A liter occupies the same volume as a cubic decimeter, dm3. A cubic decimeter is a cube that is 1 dm, or 10cm, on each side.

Measuring Matter Mass is a measurement of the quantity of matter in an object. Density of a material does not change even if the shape of the object does because it is still the same material. It still has the same “stuff” in it.

Density The mass and volume of an object can be used to find the density of the material the object is made of. Density is the mass per unit volume of a material. You find density by dividing an object’s mass by the object’s volume.

D M V D = M V Derived Units Combination of base units. Mass-Base unit: kilograms (kg) Grams (g) and milligrams (mg) are used for measuring objects of small mass. Volume - length  width  height 1 cm3 = 1 mL 1 dm3 = 1 L Density - mass per unit volume (g/cm3) D M V D = M V

D M V Density V = 825 cm3 M = DV D = 13.6 g/cm3 An object has a volume of 825 cm3 and a density of 13.6 g/cm3. Find its mass. GIVEN: V = 825 cm3 D = 13.6 g/cm3 M = ? WORK: M = DV M = (13.6 g/cm3)(825cm3) M = 11,220 g D M V

D M V Density D = 0.87 g/mL V = M V = ? M = 25 g V = 25 g 0.87 g/mL 1) A liquid has a density of 0.87 g/mL. What volume is occupied by 25 g of the liquid? GIVEN: D = 0.87 g/mL V = ? M = 25 g WORK: V = M D D M V V = 25 g 0.87 g/mL V = 28.7 mL

D M V Density M = 620 g D = M V = 753 cm3 D = ? D = 620 g 753 cm3 2) You have a sample with a mass of 620 g & a volume of 753 cm3. Find density. GIVEN: M = 620 g V = 753 cm3 D = ? WORK: D = M V D M V D = 620 g 753 cm3 D = 0.82 g/cm3

Liquid Layers Look at the picture of a variety of liquids. Which layer has the highest density? Which layer has the lowest density? Imagine that the liquids have the following densities: 10g/cm3. 3g/cm3. 6g/cm3. 5g/cm3. Which number would go with which layer?