Is there an EU cultural policy? Tuka Ágnes (OTKA 81571)

Culture in Europe Category – system of material and intellectual values created by humanity – manifestation of the culture. 19th century: national cultures in Europe – 20th century: mass culture?!? Europe – common religious roots, culture, arts: from antiquity to this day, but national- minority primacy.

Draft What role can be played by supranational organizations in the forming process of the common European space for culture? How the EU citizens feel about the European culture? Is it possible to demonstrate the effect of multilevel governance theory on decisions in connection with culture?

European Union Founding Treaties: culture– Member State competence! But the effects of economic integration on book trade; European Court of Justice’a legal decisions: cultural relations – not only Member State competence! EP: 1974: EU heritage conservation The 1980s: European identity in diminution – reasons: peaceful development, new generations, welfare state, fear from the globalisation – economic recession ↔ new initiatives: European anthem and flag, European passport – European Capital of Culture; Amendments to treaties: response to the challenges of deepening and enlargement: Maastricht Treaty – Article 128: ”The Community shall contribute to the flowering of the cultures of Member States”

Lisbon Treaty Article 167: 1. The Union shall contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore. 2. Action by the Union shall be aimed at encouraging cooperation between Member States …. — the European Parliament and the Council acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure and after consulting the Committee of the Regions, shall adopt incentive measures, excluding any harmonisation of the laws and regulations of the Member States, — the Council, on a proposal from the Commission, shall adopt recommendations.

Helping policy?! Programmes: MEDIA- Since 1991 – the development of the European audiovisual industry → with a proposed budget of EUR 1.8 billion for the period , the new ‘Creative Europe’ will be a much-needed boost for the cultural and creative industries, which are a major source of jobs and growth in Europe. 1997: Ariane, Kaleidoscope, Raphael: first programmes 2000: Culture 2000 programme

European Agenda for Culture in a globalising world Since 2007, under this initiative, the Commission has been encouraging the national authorities, the cultural sector and EU institutions to jointly promote: Three priorities: cultural diversity and intercultural dialogue, stimuliting cultural and creative industries, culture as a vital element in international relations. The 2008 European Year of Intercultural Dialogue! 2010 – report → Europeana+European Heritage Label

Initiatives – prizes? Opinion polls: diversity, protection of languages, cultural heritage are IMPORTANT! 30 projects won the 2013 European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage / Europa Nostra Awards – proposal: The European Union Prize for contemporary architecture European Prize for Literature the European Border Breakers Awards

Council conclusions on Cultural Governance 2012: that cultural policy is of a horizontal nature and therefore transversal co-operation across sectors and between the different levels of governance is required; The Council invites the Member States to support an evidence-based approach to cultural policy-making at a national, regional and local level! 2015 – revision!

Thank you for your attention!