EOCT #250-End

Anti War Movement College campuses End the draft Bring troops home Tactics: sit-ins, marches, burning draft cards, refusing to serve

Women’s Movement National Organization of Women NOW Gloria Steinem Equality in employment, political/social equality 1982 Equal Rights Amendment failed by 3 states

United Farm Workers Movement Cesar Chavez Unionized farm workers

Grape Boycott MLK/nonviolence 3 weeks/35 pounds Wages and benefits

Environmental Movement 1962 Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring – Water Quality Act

1970 nationwide celebration 10,000 schools/2000 colleges participated

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 1970 created by Nixon Limits pollution, conducts environmental research, assists state and local government clean ups

Conservative Movement Republican Barry Goldwater – Ran against LBJ 1964 – Platform: anti-Great Society programs and escalate our role in Vietnam – Sell the TVA – Limit Social Security retirement benefits

Nixon’s New Federalism Republicans are Conservative – Limit federal powers over social welfare programs and make them state responsibilities

1971 Nixon Visits China Sought greater scientific cultural and trade agreements Capitalize on China’s 10 year feud with the USSR

Nixon’s Watergate Scandal Attempt to cover up a burglary of the Democratic Party offices in the Watergate apartment complex Republicans spied on the Democrats for the 1972 elections 1972 Nixon won 1974 Nixon resigned

Roe v. Wade Woman’s right to choose whether to have an abortion constitutional right to privacy

California v. Bakke Gave constitutional protection to affirmative action programs Schools can use race as one factor in admissions decisions but cannot use quotas

President Gerald Ford 2 years president never elected to be VP or President Pardoned Nixon Ended Vietnam Unemployment + inflation = recession

Carter Administration Camp David Accords Iranian Revolution Iranian Hostage Crisis

Camp David Accords – Presidential retreat in MD – Brought together Egypt & Israel over Sinai Peninsula – Gives Israel legitimacy from Muslim world

1978 Iranian Revolution Iranians replaced the Shah (king) “friendly” to the U.S. with a Muslim religious leader (Ayatollah) that was “unfriendly” to the U.S. U.S. accepts Shah for “medical treatment”

Iranian Hostage Crisis Iran’s angry over our acceptance of the Shah 52 American captives/444 days Released when Reagan was elected Nurtured anti American sentiment throughout the Middle East

Reagan Administration 80s Conservative-shrink size of government Reaganomics Iran-Contra Scandal Collapse of USSR

Economic policy Budget cuts, tax cuts, increase in defense spending Hurt lower income Americans Led to recession

Reagan Iran-Contra Scandal Sold weapons to Iran (our enemy) Used money to fund Contra rebels in Nicaragua who were trying to overthrow their government

End of the Cold War Collapse of Soviet Union: easing of Soviet controls over its citizens led to the secession of 14 Russian states Reunification of Germany “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”

Bill Clinton Democrat NAFTA Impeachment

NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement U.S./Canada/Mexico Lowered trade barriers

Clinton Impeachment Whitewater and Lewinski Scandal Impeachment-perjury and obstruction of Justice Senate- “not guilty”

2000 Presidential Election Bush v. Gore Popular vote-Gore Electoral College vote-Bush A minority of the population can control of majority of the electoral votes : Get rid of electoral college???

George W. Bush Foreign Policy 9/11 al-Qaeda attack Operation Enduring Freedom-Afghanistan/Taliban War on Terrorism Operation Iraqi Freedom-Iraq/WPD/Hussein

Able to hold citizens suspected of being terrorists for up to seven days without being charged Increased ability to search private communications and personal records

Department of Homeland Security 15 th cabinet position Protects the U.S. from terrorist attacks and responds to natural disasters

Operation Enduring Freedom U.S. response to 9/11-invade Afghanistan Destroy Taliban, government that harbors al- Qaeda leadership and Osama bin Laden Killed May 2, 2011 in Pakistan

Operation Iraqi Freedom Search for WMDs, weapons of mass destruction that Saddam Hussein could supply to terrorists Overthrew Hussein New Iraqi government convicted and executed him in 2006 for crimes against humanity