Unit 13: Analyze the differences between the beef, swine, and poultry as related to their impact on the agricultural economy Evaluate the various breeds of beef, swine, and poultry as related to the use of each breed Evaluate the various breeds of beef, swine, and poultry as related to the economic value of each breed

Broilers Are chickens grown primarily for meat production Are processed at the age of 6-7 weeks or when they reach 4 lbs.

Cornish breed of chickens Is a breed of chickens grown for their meat

White Leghorn breed of chickens Is a breed of chicken layers developed to produce huge numbers of eggs Also is know as the foundation breed of chickens for all types of laying breeds of chickens

Bantam breed of chickens Is a miniature version of the standard chicken and is used primarily for show

Turkeys 90 percent of commercially grown turkeys is the Broad-Breasted White breed

Broad Breasted White Is a major breed of turkeys use in turkey meat production

Horses Today are mainly use for pleasure

Mutton Is meat from mature sheep

Angora Wool is collected from this breed of rabbits and used to make clothing

Cattle Are used for: Beef products Dairy products Draft power

Veal Is Meat from immature(unborn calves) cattle

Gosling Is a baby goose

Kid Is a young goat under one year of age

Mule Is across between a Jack and a mare

Types of swine operations Feeder-pig producers Market-hog producers Purebred producers

Purebred swine producers Produce high-quality boars to improve the genetic makeup of a given breed of swine

Purebred boars Bred to crossbred sows increase hybrid vigor in swine production

Yorkshire breed of swine Is a breed of swine that is white

Duroc breed of swine Is a breed of swine that is light to dark red and has ears that drop over their eyes

Hampshire breed of swine Is a breed of swine with erect ears Is black and has a white band or belt encircling the shoulders on front legs

Hereford breed of swine Is a breed of swine that is red with a white face and white underneath the body

Gilt Is a female pig that has not given birth

Swine (Hogs) Main use of swine today is meat (pork) Consumers today demand lean meat type hogs for meat production

Quarter Horse Is the most popular breed of light horses

Predominant English breeds cattle In the U.S. includes the: Angus Hereford Shorthorn

Brahman cattle Is a exotic breed of beef cattle from India and is easily identified by a prominent hump over the shoulders

Black Angus Is a English breed of beef cattle that is black and has a smooth hair coat and black skin Is known for its excellent meat quality

Red Angus cattle Is a breed of beef cattle developed from the black angus in 1945 These animals are red

*Exotic Cattle Breeds Were of imported into the U.S. when consumers began demanding leaner meat Have calves that grow faster than English breeds

Exotic breeds of beef cattle Charolais Limousin Simmental

American breeds of beef cattle Were developed to withstand the heat and resistance to disease and parasites in the south and southwest Resulted from crossing Brahman cattle from India with English breeds

American breeds Were created by crossing the Brahman breed with the English breeds: This resulted in the American cattle breeds having increased heat tolerance, disease, and parasite resistance, which are characteristics of Brahman cattle breeds and the excellent meat quality a characteristic of the English breeds

Charolais Is a breed of beef cattle that is white

Shorthorn Is a breed of cattle that has been used in the bloodlines of more than thirty recognized breeds of beef cattle

Hereford Is a breed of beef cattle that is red with a white face

Dairy breeds of cattle Holstein Guernsey Jersey Ayrshire

Holstein Is a breed of dairy cattle with black and white markings Is the most popular breed of dairy cattle Makeup 90% of the dairy cattle in the U.S.

Jersey Cow Is a dairy breed of cattle that is grayish to fawn and nearly white in color

Suffolk Is a medium-wool breed of sheep that has a black head, ears, and legs

Commercial Cattle Are not registered cattle

Steer Is a male calf castrated at a young age

Piglet Is young swine or a baby pig

Barrow Is male hog castrated at a young age

Gilt Is a young female that has not farrowed a litter pigs

Sow Is a older female hog that has farrowed a litter pigs

Boar Is the male hog

Ram Is the male sheep kept for breeding

Nanny Is the female goat

Billy or Buck Is the male goat

Lamb Is a baby sheep

Capon Is a male chicken that has been neutered (castrated)

Cock or Rooster Is the male chicken

Gander Is the male goose (geese)

Poult Is a young turkey

Tom Gobbler Is a mature male turkey

Cow Is referred to female cow (cattle) that has given birth at least once

Livestock Industry Differences