The Nazi Party from Formation to Beer Hall Putsch OVERVIEW

Section 1: Origins 1919 – German Worker’s Party (Anton Drexler) 1919 – German Worker’s Party (Anton Drexler) 1919 – Hitler becomes member – Hitler becomes member 555 Up until 1929 – fringe party Up until 1929 – fringe party Key ideas Key ideas ‘November Criminals’ ‘November Criminals’ Anti-Versailles Anti-Versailles Oppose communism Oppose communism Anti-democracy Anti-democracy

Section 2: Development 1920 – National Socialist German Workers’ Party adopted 25 Point Programme (Drexler / Hitler) 1920 – National Socialist German Workers’ Party adopted 25 Point Programme (Drexler / Hitler) Key ideas:- Key ideas:- Nationalism / racism – YES! Nationalism / racism – YES! Workers’ party – most popular in rural areas Workers’ party – most popular in rural areas Socialist ?? Socialist ?? Volkesgemeinschaft Volkesgemeinschaft anti-capitalism anti-capitalism Socialist membership – e.g. Rohm and Stasser Socialist membership – e.g. Rohm and Stasser

Section 3: The Stasser Brothers Gregor Strasser (joined 1920) Gregor Strasser (joined 1920) Took part in Munich Putsch Took part in Munich Putsch Gifted orator and reorganises the Party Gifted orator and reorganises the Party after 1925 under Hitler’s leadership Built up support in Northern Germany Built up support in Northern Germany Opposed Hitler’s anti-semitism Opposed Hitler’s anti-semitism 1930 – 2 nd most powerful Nazi after Hitler 1930 – 2 nd most powerful Nazi after Hitler Otto Strasser (joined 1925) Otto Strasser (joined 1925) Former member of SPD Former member of SPD Advocated racism and nationalism Advocated racism and nationalism Appealed to lower m/c and workers Appealed to lower m/c and workers Left party in 1930 – opposed abandoning workers Left party in 1930 – opposed abandoning workers

Section 4: Hitler Background ?? Background ?? Skills / abilities ?? Skills / abilities ?? 1921 – resigns over Drexler’s policy to cooperate with other parties 1921 – resigns over Drexler’s policy to cooperate with other parties Hofbrauhaus meeting – Hitler invited back into NSDAP and given total control: ousts Drexler Hofbrauhaus meeting – Hitler invited back into NSDAP and given total control: ousts Drexler 1921 established Volischer Beobachter (People’s Observer) and the Sturmabteilung (SA) 1921 established Volischer Beobachter (People’s Observer) and the Sturmabteilung (SA) Received protection from police, judiciary and army leadership Received protection from police, judiciary and army leadership Received support of influential Munich families: Lemanns and Brucksteins Received support of influential Munich families: Lemanns and Brucksteins

Section 5: The SA Sturmabteilung – 1920 Sturmabteilung – 1920 By 1933 membership = 1/2m By 1933 membership = 1/2m Led by Ernst Rohm Led by Ernst Rohm Thuggish behaviour Thuggish behaviour Loyalty to Hitler Loyalty to Hitler Hatred of Communism Hatred of Communism Disaffected youth Disaffected youth Hitler was invited into government in 1933 in order to control them! Hitler was invited into government in 1933 in order to control them!

Section 6: Munich, why and how? Kapp Putsch and Walter Rathenau Kapp Putsch and Walter Rathenau Lossow and Kahr (right-wing leaders) encourage an uprising, prompted by the French invasion of the Ruhr Lossow and Kahr (right-wing leaders) encourage an uprising, prompted by the French invasion of the Ruhr Hitler forced them to consider march on Berlin Hitler forced them to consider march on Berlin SA seize Bavarian government members SA seize Bavarian government members Ludendorff (WWI general) lends support Ludendorff (WWI general) lends support 2,000 Nazis march on Munich, Ebert declares emergency 2,000 Nazis march on Munich, Ebert declares emergency 14 Nazis killed, Hitler dislocates shoulder and flees 14 Nazis killed, Hitler dislocates shoulder and flees Leading Nazis including Hitler and Stasser along with Ludendorff are arrested Leading Nazis including Hitler and Stasser along with Ludendorff are arrested PUTSCH FAILS PUTSCH FAILS

Section 7: Munich, consequences Hitler put on trial – defends his case and achieves national fame Hitler put on trial – defends his case and achieves national fame Nazis become 3 rd largest party in Bavaria Nazis become 3 rd largest party in Bavaria Judge is a known right-wing sympathiser Judge is a known right-wing sympathiser Hitler given 5 years and serves only 9 months Hitler given 5 years and serves only 9 months Ludendorff let off as he was after Kapp Putsch Ludendorff let off as he was after Kapp Putsch Hitler kept in good conditions at Landsberg Hitler kept in good conditions at Landsberg Whilst there he dictates Mein Kampf Whilst there he dictates Mein Kampf

Section 8: The Nazis After Munich Due to Hitler’s imprisonment, the NSDAP nearly disintegrates in 1924 Due to Hitler’s imprisonment, the NSDAP nearly disintegrates in 1924 When released Hitler commits party to ‘legal means’ and the Fuhrerprincip to win ‘mass support’ When released Hitler commits party to ‘legal means’ and the Fuhrerprincip to win ‘mass support’ 1925 Party is reorganised by Gregor Srasser (see p. 114) 1925 Party is reorganised by Gregor Srasser (see p. 114) 1928 Goebbles appointed as 1928 Goebbles appointed as Propaganda Chief 1929 onwards party takes advantage 1929 onwards party takes advantage of the Depression and sees an ‘electoral breakthrough’