Chapter 2 section 2 Egypt

What purposes do rivers serve???

Geography: The Nile River (DNWTD) Without the Nile, Egypt would be swallowed up by deserts that surround it The desert protected Egypt from invasion, but it also limited where people could settle. Farmers took advantage of the Nile by planting wheat and flax. Flax is a plant whose fibers were used for clothing. Flooding produced good land for farmers (silt)

Nile Delta A delta is a triangular shaped landform where the mouth of a river flows into an ocean, sea, desert or lake,

A View of Egypt by Satellite

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

The Fertile Nile Valley

Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

Ancient Egyptian History PeriodsTime Frame Nile Culture Begins3900 B. C. E. Archaic3100 – 2650 B. C. E. Old Kingdom2650 – 2134 B. C. E. Middle Kingdom2040 – 1640 B. C. E. New Kingdom1550 – 1070 B. C. E. Late Period750 – 332 B. C. E. Greek Ptolemaic Era332 – 30 B. C. E. Roman Period30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.

Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt c B. C. E. ?

Ancient Egyptian Housing Middle Class Homes Peasant Homes

Scenes of Ancient Egyptian Daily Life

Ancient Egypt Government – Ruled by Pharaohs who organized a strong, centralized state. – Egyptians believed the Pharaoh was a god – Owned the land, and had absolute power. – Took pride in preserving justice and order

DNWTD The Pharaoh depended on a Vizier, or chief minister to supervise the business of the Government. under the vizier, various bureaus looked after matters like tax collection, farming, and irrigation of the crops. scribes carried out the vizier's wishes

Egyptian Social Hierarchy

Class structure Pharaoh Priest/Nobles Wealthy Merchants Artisans Farmers (peasants) Slaves

The Egyptians are well known for their pyramids tombs for eternity Believed in afterlife, they preserved their dead rulers and provided them with everything they would need in their new lives.

Preparation for the Afterlife

Egyptian Mummies Seti I B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II B. C. E. Ramses II B. C. E.

DNWTD Farmers were expected to work for the Pharaoh in the off season Women-high status- could own property/business/buy and sell goods. They could also go to court to get divorces.

Egyptian form of writing Used symbols to represent words

Papyrus  Paper Papyrus Plant Hieratic Scroll Piece

Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship ,000100,0001,000,000 What number is this?

Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” phonetic symbols