WAVES. What is a wave? A wave is a disturbance in a medium or space that transfers energy. The particles in a wave may oscillate or vibrate, but they.

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Presentation transcript:

WAVES

What is a wave? A wave is a disturbance in a medium or space that transfers energy. The particles in a wave may oscillate or vibrate, but they do not travel with the wave.

Energy Transfer in Waves Mechanical waves are waves that must be transferred through a medium, whether solid, liquid, or gas. Examples are sound waves, water waves, and seismic (earthquake) waves. physics/basic-waves-theory.html Water Wave

Energy Transfer in Waves Electromagnetic (EM) waves are a form of radiation. They can travel through nothing (like outer space), or through a medium (like water or air). Light, X-Rays, radio waves, and microwaves are examples of EM waves.

Energy Transfer in Waves The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Types of Waves Displacement of Transverse Waves is perpendicular to the direction of the wave. ion.html

Types of Waves Displacement of Longitudinal waves is parallel to the direction of the wave. ion.html

Types of Waves EM waves are always transverse. Sound waves are longitudinal. Seismic waves can be either transverse or longitudinal. Water waves are a mixture of both.

Anatomy of a Wave Amplitude is the displacement between the crest of a wave and its resting position. Wavelength ( λ) is the distance from one crest to the next.

Anatomy of a Wave Frequency is the number of oscillations (cycles) per unit of time. 1 Hertz (Hz) is one oscillation per second. FM radio stations have a frequency between 88 and 108 MHz Frequency of musical notes

Wave Changes How does a change in the frequency affect the wavelength? Wave animation When you increase the frequency, the wavelength decreases (they are inversely proportional).

Waves and Energy An increase in the amplitude of a wave indicates a higher energy input. An increase in the frequency of a wave indicates a higher energy level. A decrease in the wavelength of a wave indicates a higher energy level. Wave animation

Waves and Energy When you do ‘The Wave’ at a football game… What type of wave are you creating? What represents an oscillation? How would you measure an oscillation? How would you measure the amplitude of an oscillation? What represents a wavelength? How would you measure a wavelength?