Chapter 5-Fire Safety Developing Effect Ways to Prevent and Deal With Fires in Your Home.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety2 Fire Facts There are nearly 3 million fires in the United States annually. Most fire injuries and deaths are due to lack of preparation. By understanding the elements of fire and fire-safety one can become better prepared.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety3 Principles of Combustion Combustion is a continuous, self sustaining process in which fuel and oxygen molecules combine to yield heat, gas, smoke and flame. Ignition temperature is the minimum temperature to which fuel must be heated before it reacts with oxygen and starts to burn.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety4 Principles of Combustion Combustion only occurs when fuel is in a gas. For a solid or liquid to ignite, it mist first be converted to a gas. This conversion by action of heat is called pyroysis. Flammable liquids can produce hazards at much lower temperatures called flash points. The process that uses heat to for fuel for burning is called feedback.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety5 How a Fire Starts Cigarettes are the leading cause of residential fire deaths. Other causes are heating, children playing, cooking, electrical distribution, appliances, service equipment, and arson. Fires caused by heating cost nearly $700 million a year.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety6 Where Fires Start

Chapter 5- Fire Safety7 Fire Prevention in the Home Be aware of all labels on televisions, extension cords, wood stoves and fireplaces. Smokers should be especially careful when smoking near furniture or in bed. Never place flammable materials near stoves or heaters. Be aware of all things in your home, from chimney maintenance to over loaded outlets.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety8 Fire Prevention in the Home Keep all smoking materials out of the reach of children. Keep the handles of pots and pans inward when using them on the stove to prevent scalding. Make sure the water heater in your home does not exceed 120°F. Do not store combustible material in your home.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety9 Planning for Fire Emergencies EDITH: Exit Drills in the Home, can prevent your family from being unnecessary harmed or killed in the event of a fire. Program consists of nine simple steps that must be practiced:

Chapter 5- Fire Safety10 Planning for Fire Emergencies 1. Install smoke detectors 2. Draw Floor plan 3. Alert everyone in house if fire is discovered 4. Stay low 5. Check door with back of hand 6. Keep doors closed that heat quickly 7. Have prearranged meeting place 8. Never go back in the house 9. Notify the fire department

Chapter 5- Fire Safety11 Hotel and Motel Safety Ask the desk clerk about the buildings sprinkler, fire alarm or smoke detectors systems. Check for smoke detectors upon check in. Familiarize yourself with stairwells and exits.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety12 Fire Detection Devices Heat Detectors  Sound an alarm when a pre-set temperature is reached in a home.  Not recommended for use in a home. Sprinkler systems Smoke detectors  Photoelectric Smoke Detector  Smoke particle disturb a beam of light to activate alarm.  Ionization Chamber Smoke Detector  Smoke particle interrupt a flow of electric current in the detector.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety13 Fire Detection Devices Smoke Detectors should be placed on every level of your home, and near bedrooms. The should be placed on the ceiling or wall 6-12 inches from the ceiling. They should not be placed near air vents.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety14 Classification of Fires Class A  Consists of burning wood, paper, or textile material. Class B  Flammable liquid fires. Class C  Involves the use of electrical equipment, including wiring, appliances, and machinery. Class D  Consists of combustible metals.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety15 Procedures for Fire Extinguisher Use 1. Break Plastic Safety Seal 2. Pull Pin 3. Test the extinguisher 4. Aim the discharge at the base of the fire, using a sweeping motion 5. Keep upright A Dry-Chemical Extinguisher is the best choice for home use.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety16 Arson Labeled the fastest growing crime in America. Accounts for 30% of fires. Cost $1.4 billion dollars, which is picked up by insurance premiums. Many cities are developing programs to prevent arson.  Arson task force, early warning analysis, and public education.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety17 High Rise Safety High rises are growing in popularity due to growing population and demand for space. Become familiar with the types of prevention in place if you move into a high-rise.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety18 Education Education is key in preventing fires. Fire-Fighters need to be used as fire-educators. The Government can also help by implementing higher safety standards.

Chapter 5- Fire Safety19 Summary Prevention is ideal, but preparation is key. Each Area of the home poses its own distinct threat. It is important to know what kind of fire you are dealing with before attempting to put it out. Education is the key to prevention and preparation.