PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation By Elaine Brown Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Improving the Health of America’s Children

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Need for Active and Healthy Schools The Number of overweight children is increasing – Decrease in energy expenditure rather than energy intake – School environment discourages physical activity – Time engaged with media—6 hours/day – Watching 4 hours/day of TV—greater BMI – Health goals for 2020 encourage daily participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Need for Active and Healthy Schools Childhood overweight predicts adult obesity – Overweight children grow into overweight or obese adults – Adolescent overweight is a good predictor of adult obesity – Risk of childhood obesity persisting into adult- hood is much higher among adolescents than younger children – Guo and Chambers suggest the risk increases from 20% at age 4 to 80% by adolescence

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Need for Active and Healthy Schools Physical activity improves children’s health – Immediate and long-term benefits – Reduction in the percent of body fat – Improves BP and blood lipid profiles – Weight-bearing activities can help increase children’s bone mineral density

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Need for Active and Healthy Schools Physical activity can improve academic performance – Check out the Three River and SPARK studies – There is little data to support the belief that adding more time for academics results in improved achievement scores Active children become active adults

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 Implemented in Fall 2006 Includes all school districts with a federally funded school meals program Establish a wellness policy that includes – Goals for nutrition education, physical activity, and other school-based activities Maintain local control for states and schools Act does not provide funding for the programs Cooperative effort to encourage wellness practices by the community and school

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Suggested Actions – Make recess and lunchtime active settings for all students – Offer regularly scheduled activity breaks in the classroom – Design school walking programs – Develop activity contracts for students – Facilitate programs for parents Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Suggested Actions – Place point of decision prompts in schools to encourage healthful eating, physical activity, and other health-promoting behaviors – Encourage students to participate in after- school activities – Maintain and strengthen nutritional service programs Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. The Active and Healthy School (AHS) Environment Quality physical education Physical activity breaks – Morning and afternoon, 15 min. each – Activity time at lunch, 40 min. – Classroom mini-breaks, 3–5 min., 3 times/day – Become part of the classroom routine

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Nutrition and healthful eating activities – Must have access to an adequate amount and variety of nutritious food – Healthy students perform better academically – For many students, the school is providing two meals and they should –Be nutritionally balanced –Have a low-fat source of high-quality protein –Contain complex carbohydrates –Contain all essential vitamins and minerals – Sound nutrition education The Active and Healthy School (AHS) Environment

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Before- and after-school programs – In what before- or after-school activities did you engage? – What are the benefits and drawbacks of these programs? Classroom teacher involvement – Girls were more active when the classroom teacher participated – Role modeling by adults is important in encouraging wellness practices The Active and Healthy School (AHS) Environment

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Parental involvement – Activity calendars – Physical activity health fair – Activity days – Charity events Community involvement The Active and Healthy School (AHS) Environment

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Incorporating physical activity into your classroom – Value physical activity – Recognize all activity is good activity – Trust that your activities are beneficial – Encourage the children to enjoy the experience and feel positive about participating – Help students learn to get along with others – Help you see your students in a new way – Incorporate effective management techniques

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. NASPE Content Standards for Physical Education Standard 1: Demonstrates competency in motor skills and movement patterns needed to perform a variety of physical activities Standard 2: Demonstrates understanding of movement concepts, principles, and tactics as they apply to the learning and performance of physical activities (what, where, and how the body can move) Standard 3: Participates regularly in physical activity (wide range of physical activities for at least 60 minutes/day)

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. NASPE Content Standards for Physical Education Standard 4: Achieves and maintains a health- enhancing level of physical fitness (helping students accept personal responsibility for participating in regular physical activity and learning basic fitness principles by experiencing them) Standard 5: Exhibits responsible personal and social behavior that respects self and others in physical activity (Behave in a manner that positively affects others.)

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. NASPE Content Standards for Physical Education Standard 6: Values physical activity for health, enjoyment, challenge, self-expression, and/or social interaction (Integrate instruction into activity and skill development sessions.) The NASPE standards focus on physical activity and motor skill development as well as promote cognitive development, interpersonal skills, and assimilation of positive values.