Political Events Contribute to Sectionalism

Sectionalism The act of placing the interests of one region over the good of the country The act of placing the interests of one region over the good of the country

Nationalism The belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or concerns of other countries The belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or concerns of other countries

Monroe Doctrine President James Monroe’s policy to protect American interests (written by John Quincy Adams) President James Monroe’s policy to protect American interests (written by John Quincy Adams) Stated that European powers should stay out of affairs in the Western Hemisphere (Latin America, Alaska) Stated that European powers should stay out of affairs in the Western Hemisphere (Latin America, Alaska) U.S. would stay out of European affairs U.S. would stay out of European affairs

James Monroe Presidency known as “The Era of Good Feelings” because of its perceived tranquility Presidency known as “The Era of Good Feelings” because of its perceived tranquility

The American System Developed by Henry Clay in order to unite the nations economy Developed by Henry Clay in order to unite the nations economy Hoped to become less reliant on foreign countries Hoped to become less reliant on foreign countries

The American System Build roads and canals to help transporting of goods across the country Build roads and canals to help transporting of goods across the country Raise Tariffs Raise Tariffs Create a Second Bank of the U.S. Create a Second Bank of the U.S.

Second National Bank Each state printed own currency Each state printed own currency Made trade difficult Made trade difficult Second National Bank created in order to stabilize currency and hold government funds Second National Bank created in order to stabilize currency and hold government funds

Tariff of 1816 & 1828 This tariff taxed all European goods This tariff taxed all European goods It made European goods more expensive and people more willing to buy American goods It made European goods more expensive and people more willing to buy American goods

Tariff of Abomination Name given to the 1816 tariff by John C. Calhoun Name given to the 1816 tariff by John C. Calhoun

South Carolina Exposition and Protest John C. Calhoun argued the idea of nullification John C. Calhoun argued the idea of nullification Calhoun felt that if the federal government refused to permit nullification, then that state had a right to withdraw (secede)from the union Calhoun felt that if the federal government refused to permit nullification, then that state had a right to withdraw (secede)from the union

Gibbons v. Ogden Decision that ensured the federal government had the power to regulate almost everything that crossed state lines Decision that ensured the federal government had the power to regulate almost everything that crossed state lines

Election of 1824 Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams has to go to the House of Representatives to see who will be President Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams has to go to the House of Representatives to see who will be President Henry Clay uses his influence to give Adams the victory Henry Clay uses his influence to give Adams the victory

Election of 1824 Adams appoints Clay to be Secretary of State Adams appoints Clay to be Secretary of State Jackson supporters denounce move as a “corrupt bargain’ Jackson supporters denounce move as a “corrupt bargain’ Felt Adams promised Clay a position if he was elected Felt Adams promised Clay a position if he was elected

Andrew Jackson In 1828, Jackson easily defeated John Quincy Adams In 1828, Jackson easily defeated John Quincy Adams As President, Jackson invoked the “spoils system” and replaced many of Adams appointees with friends and supporters of Jackson As President, Jackson invoked the “spoils system” and replaced many of Adams appointees with friends and supporters of Jackson

Andrew Jackson Land ownership requirements are dropped for voting Land ownership requirements are dropped for voting All white males eligible to vote All white males eligible to vote Known as the “Era of the Common Man” Known as the “Era of the Common Man”

South Carolina Rebels 1832, the South Carolina legislature became furious over another tariff bill 1832, the South Carolina legislature became furious over another tariff bill South Carolina declared the 1828 and 1832 tariff bills null and void and threatened to secede from the union South Carolina declared the 1828 and 1832 tariff bills null and void and threatened to secede from the union

South Carolina Rebels Andrew Jackson became furious and threatened to send the military into South Carolina to enforce the tariff Andrew Jackson became furious and threatened to send the military into South Carolina to enforce the tariff Henry Clay stepped in and introduced a bill that would gradually lower tariffs over the next ten years Henry Clay stepped in and introduced a bill that would gradually lower tariffs over the next ten years

Webster-Hayn Debate Debate over states rights versus the sovereign power of the federal government Debate over states rights versus the sovereign power of the federal government

McCulloch v. Maryland U.S. government had a right to charter the national bank U.S. government had a right to charter the national bank Strengthened government control of the economy Strengthened government control of the economy Exercised the “necessary and proper” clause in the Constitution Exercised the “necessary and proper” clause in the Constitution

Andrew Jackson versus the National Bank Jackson continued his fight against the Bank of the United States (BUS) after his 1832 re-election Jackson continued his fight against the Bank of the United States (BUS) after his 1832 re-election Jackson argued the BUS helped only the privileged Jackson argued the BUS helped only the privileged

Andrew Jackson versus the National Bank Jackson countered the BUS by placing funds into select banks called “Pet Banks” Jackson countered the BUS by placing funds into select banks called “Pet Banks” Pet Banks were ran by loyalists to the Democratic Party and made loans easier to attain by “common people” Pet Banks were ran by loyalists to the Democratic Party and made loans easier to attain by “common people”

Panic of 1837 Pet banks gave too many loans and there was not enough gold to cover them Pet banks gave too many loans and there was not enough gold to cover them This caused a depression This caused a depression Many banks closed and many lost all of their money Many banks closed and many lost all of their money

The Whig Party Formed out of opposition to Andrew Jackson Formed out of opposition to Andrew Jackson They felt Jackson acted more like a king than a president They felt Jackson acted more like a king than a president

Election of 1840 Nominate William Henry Harrison for president in 1840 Nominate William Henry Harrison for president in 1840 He died less than one month after taking office He died less than one month after taking office