NOAA – NGA Synergy Stephen Malys Senior Scientist for Geodesy and Geophysics National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency NOAA Hydrographic Services Review Panel Federal Advisory Committee Meeting Thursday, September 17, 2015 Approved for public release,

2 Longstanding Broad Working Relationship –Nautical Charts –Complementary Geodetic missions Recent Arctic Activities and Interests Summary of Recommendations Outline

3 Approved for public release, NGA and NOAA have a long standing collaboration on Nautical Charts NOAA’s ROI: U.S. coasts and territory coasts NGA’s ROI: international waters NGA uses NOAA publications for reference NGA and NOAA charts maintain uniformity –Similar symbology standards –Both use the NOAA compass rose application Recommendation for NGA is to migrate to ENC format as Navy resources permit Complementary Nautical Charts NGA SNC 1 NOAA SNC 3 DNC Portal 2 Coast Pilot 7 Compass Rose 4 U.S. Chart No. 1 6 Sailing Directions 5

4 NGA and NOAA coordinate their input to International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) NGA and NOAA support: –IHO Data Centre for Digital Bathymetry (DCDB) –GEBCO –Crowdsourcing effort –International standard development –Recommend that NGA and NOAA jointly deal with policy issues that arise from crowdsourcing in international waters Data are used for many applications –Interagency Coordination: “Map once, use many times”* Approved for public release, Coordination and Cooperation on International Hydrographic Issues GEBCO 2014 grid 8 IBCAO 10 Trackline Surveys 9

5 Approved for public release, National Centers for Environmental Information –World Magnetic Model, 5-year update cycle and ‘Enhanced Magnetic Model’ National Geodetic Survey –Corbin, VA test facility - LIDAR and other technology assessments –Coordination on the Global Terrestrial Reference Frame  NGS Plans for updates to NAD83, NAVD88 in 2022 –Geocentric Reference Frame Including Velocities, Plate motion  Improved interoperability with GPS Operational Ref Frame (WGS 84) and foreign GNSS  Joint (NGA & NGS) Geodetic Coordination on UN International Committee on GNSS (ICG) NOAA-NGA Common Geospatial Interests (1)

6 Approved for public release, National Research Council Study*: ‘The ITRF must be both accurate and accessible at the 1-millimeter level, with a stability of 0.1 millimeters per year.’ Goals for a Future ITRF To get better (by 2030?), measurement and modeling of geocenter motion becomes necessary Some examples of surface mass transport causing geocenter motion Snow and water changes over continents Melting glaciers, ground water changes Annual hemispheric water mass exchange in oceans N. hemisphere has more mass in N. winter) Polar ice sheet variations 19mm 22mm ~1 inch WGS 84 Today (1cm) ITRF Goal (1mm) ITRF 2008 (~5-8mm) *Precise Geodetic Infrastructure, National Requirements for a Shared Resource, National Research Council of the National Academies, The National Academy Press, 2010

7 14 USGG2012 Alaska Geoid EGM2008EGM2008 Approved for public release, Common Interests in the Geoid as a Vertical Reference Surface USGG2012 over Alaska

8 Approved for public release, NGS developing a Geopotential (geoid-based) vertical datum Collection and processing new Airborne Gravity data –Project: GRAV-D –Area of highest interest for NGA:  Alaska, uncovered arctic areas  Supports improved reference surface for DEMs Recommendation: Jointly study possible benefits from an improved geoid over and around Alaska –Reference surface for regional Dynamic Ocean Topography –Reference surface for land elevations (DEMs) NOAA-NGA Common Geospatial Interests (2)

9 Approved for public release, Arctic Gravity Project Milestone in 2008

10 Ref 2 Sept POTUS remarks on NGA & NSF collaboration Ref 2 Sept POTUS remarks on NGA & NSF collaboration

11 * * * *Indicates NOAA Source Information 12 Map: Arctic Support UNCLASSIFIED For the GLACIER Conference, NOAA presented Hydrographic Risk and NGA supported with new maps and access to NGA data holdings

12 Approved for public release, Review coastal information in the Arctic Ocean Prioritize bathymetry collection in the Arctic and Southern Oceans Consider the possibility of broader scope of crowdsourced (VGI) data –Leverage the NOAA data accumulation system currently used for crowdsourced bathymetry to acquire geophysical data –Supports southern ocean measurements & modeling improvements Better understand NOAA’s mission in Antarctica Additional Polar Issues NIC Sea Ice 11

13 Approved for public release, GPS Enables countless Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) applications The NGS CORS network can provide a nationwide Near- Real-Time capability to detect signal interference Feasibility already demonstrated (2010) Can be extended to Multi- GNSS Can be extended to other regions Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) Recommendation: Implement GPS interference detection using CORS

14 Approved for public release, Continue close engagement on the international governance front for Safety of Navigation and broader ocean data issues. –Continue to encourage broader access to data based on the U.S. Open Data Policy –Expand support for the bathymetric data crowdsourcing effort and for satellite-derived bathymetry of coastal regions Increase bathymetric surveys in the in the polar regions Improve geophysical data collection in the Southern Ocean –Examine VGI and NOAA role Jointly study possible benefits from an improved geoid over and around Alaska Advance the development of the CORS network as a GPS interference detection system Summary of Recommendations

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16 1 Panama Canal DNC: 2 Panama canal website screen grab: 3 NOAA ENC for Key West/Gulf Coast: PDF 4 NOAA compass rose: 5 NGA Sailing direction: 6 U.S. Chart No.1: 7 NOAA Coast Pilot: 8 GEBCO World Map: Weatherall P, KM Marks, M Jakobsson, T Schmitt, S Tani, JE Arndt, M Rovere, D Chayes, V Ferrinim, R Wigley (2015). A New Digital Bathymetric Model of the World’s Oceans, Accepted doi: /2015EA Single-Beam (Trackline) Bathymetric Surveys: 10 International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO): 11 Sea Ice Charts: 12 Map: Arctic Support 13 CORS Map Source: Map source: 14 USGG 2012 Alaska Geoid Additional Information

17 Expected GRAV-D airborne gravity coverage by 2022 HawaiiHawaii AlaskaAlaska “CONUS”“CONUS” Puerto Rico / Virgin Islands Guam / Northern Marianas American Samoa GRAV-DPlannedCoverageGRAV-DPlannedCoverage March 5, 2015