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Environmental assessment of wetlands and the Ramsar Convention Advisor: Dr. PARVIN FARSHCHI Prepared by: Zohre Bandpey Eliyeh Bakhshipoor 2

Assess the environmental as the richest wetland ecosystems 3

Introduction 4

Perhaps Hear the name of the pond, the water surrounding the Straw that little has learned that immediately comes to mind. Where there is no property and can even be scary and dangerous, but It must be understood Wetlands that exist in human life. It is very important, which is an important indicator With the Its disappearance Human tissue area was also changed. Wetlands, most important, most valuable and most complex ecosystems on earth and why It also has a variety of functions, each of which economic, social, environmental and scientific Many are involved. Introduction 5

. Wetlands as ecosystems are considered richest and most have biodiversity as a source of income for the family today, especially in disadvantaged areas is considered. 6

What are wetlands? 7

Under the text of the Ramsar Convention (Article 1.1), wetlands are defined as: “areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six meteres”. 8

Wetland functions Functions of wetlands are: groundwater supply, flood control, direct extraction of water By the people, prevention of saline water intrusion, prevent soil erosion and maintain beaches, Rousseau B Making, storing nutrients, filtering poisons, gene banks, energy, tourism associations and tourism boom, maintaining Wildlife populations, production and water storage, conservation and development of plant and animal biodiversity, water purification, stabilization of local climate, particularly temperature adjustment Heat, food and fisheries products, and poultry and raw produce and... All of the functions of the wetland. 9

On the valuation of wetlands

Ecological value of a wetland forest 10 times and 200 times arable land preservation and conservation of wetlands, but little attention is placed on global estimates per hectare wetland between 8 to 21 thousand dollars worth of material, but in our country's precious natural resources are destroyed due to negligence of the authorities 570 million acres of wetlands have been fulfilled by the Global Environment Monitoring Centre, 481 million and 147 thousand hectares, it is located in the At We identified 84 Wetlands of International Importance, who between them have 33 wetlands The frame 22 has been registered. 11

Ramsar Convention

Through the negotiated on 1960s by countries and non-governmental organizations(NGOs( that were concerned at the increasing loss and degradation of wetland habitat for migratory waterbirds, the treaty was adopted on 2 February 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar. It came into force in Though nowadays the name of the Convention is usually written "Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971)", it has come to be known popularly as the "Ramsar Convention". Ramsar Convention 13

The Convention on Wetlands is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. More over, it is the only global environmental treaty that deals with a particular ecosystem, and the Convention’s member countries cover all geographic regions of the planet. Ramsar Convention 14

The Convention entered into force in 1975 and now has nearly 160 Contracting Parties, or member States, in all parts of the world. Presently, the Parties have designated for this List more than 1,850 wetlands for special protection as "Ramsar sites" The Convention today 15

The List of iran Wetlands of International Importance 16

The mission of the Ramsar Convention, as adopted by the Parties in 1999 and refined in 2005, is "the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world". Convention's mission 17

The Wise Use concept The wise use of wetlands is defined as "the maintenance of their ecological character, achieved through the implementation of ecosystem approaches, within the context of sustainable development ". "Wise use" therefore has at its heart the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands and their resources, for the benefit of humankind. 18

Ramsar commitments

The Ramsar Contracting Parties, or Member States, have committed themselves to implementing the “three pillars” of the Convention: 1 ( to designate suitable wetlands for the “Ramsar List” and ensure their conservation and effective management; 2) to work towards the wise use of all their wetlands through national land-use planning, appropriate policies, management actions, and public education; 3) consulting with other Parties about implementation of the Convention, especially in regard to transboundary wetlands, shared water systems, and shared species, and development projects that may affect wetlands. Ramsar commitments 20

21 1.The Contracting Parties(COP) 2.The Standing Committee 3.The Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP) 4.The International Organization Partners (IOPs)

22 The International Organization Partners The Convention works very closely with four global non- governmental organizations (NGOs) that have been associated with the treaty since its beginnings.

Wetlands should be restored and rehabilitated, whenever possible. Wetlands should be conserved by ensuring their wise use.

24 vocabularymeaning migratory waterbirdsپرندگان آبزی مهاجر Negotiateمذاکره treatyمعاهده cooperationهمکاری wise use استفاده خردمندانه marsh باتلاق swampمرداب brackish لب شور tideجزر و مد exceedتجاوز کردن marine دریایی sustainable developmentتوسعه پایدار contributionمشارکت conceptمفهوم Contracting Partiesطرفهای مورد معاهده commitmentsتعهدات three pillars سه رکن designateبرگزیدن conservation حفاظت implementationپیاده سازی-اجرا vocabulary

25 Questions:Questions: 1) What are wetlands? Answer: “areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six meteres”.

26 2) what are wetland’s functions? (Please named 3 of them) Answer: - prevention of saline water intrusion, - prevent soil erosion and maintain beaches, - increasing groundwater supply,

27 3) What are the full form of these abbreviations? Answer: 1.The Contracting Parties(COP) 2.The Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP) 1- COP 2- STRP

28 Answer: 1)Bird Life 2) IUCN 3) Wetlands International 4)WWF 4) What are the International Organization Partners (IOPs) in Ramsar convention?

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Sources One. Related scientific journal Environmental Protection Administration _ Shadegan / Two. Iranian Student News - Gulf _ E-Mohitezis.blogfa.com / Three. : 30