Head and Face

Anatomy  Eyes  Ears  Nose  Jaw  Mouth  Brain

“Black eye”

Eyes  Conjunctivitis:  “Pink eye”

Eyes  Hyphema  Pooling of blood in the eye

Ears  Auricular hematoma  Otitis externa

Auricular hematoma  “Cauliflower ear”  For cauliflower ear to form, the ear has to be struck hard enough for a blood clot to develop.

Treatments

Otitis externa  “Swimmer’s ear”  Too much moisture in the ear can irritate and break down the skin in the canal, allowing bacteria or fungi inside.

How to keep this from occurring?

Nose  Deviated septum  Epistaxis

Deviated septum  “Broken nose”  Caused from a direct blow.

Epistaxis  “Nosebleed”  Can be caused by a direct blow or weak blood vessels.

Treatment

Jaw  Broken jaw  Again, from a direct blow.

Mouth  Lips  Teeth

Lips  Lacerated lip  “Fat lip”  Braces in lip

Teeth  Broken teeth

Brain  Concussion

Concussion  Loss or impairment of neurological function of the brain  A player does not need to lose consciousness to have a concussion  Classified as mild, moderate or severe

Concussion

Classifications of concussions  ation.asp ation.asp

Mild concussion  Grade 1: You did not lose consciousness (were not "knocked out"). You may have been dazed or confused for a short time after the injury. Normal thinking and behavior returns within 20 minutes of the injury.

Moderate Concussion  Grade 2: You did not lose consciousness, but you did not think clearly for more than 20 minutes after the injury. Also, you may not remember what happened.

Severe Concussion  Grade 3: You lost consciousness for a short time. Also, you may not remember what happened.

What are the signs and symptoms of a concussion?  Mild to moderate headache.  Dizziness or loss of balance.  Nausea (feeling sick) or vomiting (throwing up).  Change in mood (such as restlessness or irritability).  Trouble thinking, remembering things, or concentrating (giving full attention to one thing for a period of time).  Ringing in the ears.  Drowsiness or decreased amount of energy.  Change in normal sleeping pattern (you may sleep more than usual or cannot sleep).

Evaluation of Concussion  History  Observation  Palpation  Stress Tests

History  Where does it hurt?  Do you remember what happened?  Nausea?  Tinnitis?

Observation  Watch how they move.  Deformity  Breathing  PEARL- pupils equal and reactive to light  Nystagmus- “dancing eye”   Blurred or double vision?  Memory- counting backwards, remember three words

Palpation  For signs of deformity  Unusually low pulse

Stress Tests  Rhomberg test   Coordination tests

Concussion checklist  BI_schools_checklist_508-a.pdf BI_schools_checklist_508-a.pdf

After concusion #10