1A2 G EOGRAPHY M ARCH 10 TH Objectives: Students will review the ways in which igneous and sedimentary rocks are made. Students will learn about the formation of metamorphic rock – marble & quartzite.

H OMEWORK : Last night’s homework. Let’s look over questions 2 & 3!

H OMEWORK FOR M ONDAY ’ S C LASS Over the coming week, take note of places around the town where you find examples of the uses of marble.

R EVIEW ! Over the past week, we have been learning about the ways in which different kinds of rock are formed. Now we’ll review what we’ve done so far! Activity.

M ETAMORPHIC R OCK Made from rocks that already exist. heat pressure changed When igneous and sedimentary rocks are exposed to great heat and pressure, they can be changed into new, harder rocks. metamorphic rocks Rocks formed in this way are called metamorphic rocks. Examples include marble and quartzite.

M ARBLE limestone This is formed when limestone is put under great heat and pressure. Marble varies in colour, depending on the location in which it was formed: Co. Cork. Connemara, Co. Galway. Co. Kilkenny. Co. Antrim (white!)

M ARBLE Marble can be cut, polished and used for many things: 1. Fireplaces. 2. Floor tiles. 3. Monuments. 4. Ornaments. 5. Headstones on graves. It is a very hard rock.

Q UARTZITE This is formed when sandstone is exposed to great heat and pressure. It is extremely hard. Found on: 1. Croagh Patrick 1. Croagh Patrick, Co Mayo. 2. Sugarloaf 2. Sugarloaf, Co. Wicklow. Used in many objects: 1. Road chippings. 2. Sand paper. 3. Glass. 4. Watches.

1A2 G EOGRAPHY M ARCH 10 TH Objectives: Students will review the formation of metamorphic rocks. Students will learn about some of the uses of rock.

H OMEWORK Don’t forget! For Monday’s class, you must take note of places around the town where you find examples of the uses of marble.

R EVIEW OF THIS MORNING ’ S CLASS Metamorphic rocks are formed when… Marble is formed when… Quartzite is formed when…

U SES OF R OCK When we studied Primary Economic Activities, we learned that, when we exploit a resource, we are using it to provide for our own needs. How to people exploit the rocks that are available to us?

U SES OF R OCK Rocks have many uses. building material We know that rock is an important building material. source of energy Did you know rocks can also be a source of energy ?

U SES OF R OCK : E NERGY The term ‘fossil fuel’ refers to coal, oil and gas. These fossil fuels are extracted from the crust in different ways.

C OAL Methods used to extract coal differ according to the depth at which it is found. open pits mines Coal is taken from open pits or underground mines.

C OAL Shaft mining is a way of taking coal from deep within the crust. Vertical wells are drilled first. Then, corridors are dug out on various levels so coal can be extracted. Uses of RockShaft mining

O IL AND G AS Extracted from the crust through a process of drilling and pumping. This can be done on land and at sea. Offshore, rigs are used to pump oil and gas to the surface. It is then brought ashore. Example: Kinsale, Co. Cork.

B UILDING M ATERIALS Rocks are also taken from deep in the crust for use in construction. Quarrying: Large machines are used to cut rock out. Dynamite: Used to explode rock from the crust. Limestone, sandstone and marble are examples of rocks extracted from the crust for use in construction.

A D AY IN THE L IFE O FFSHORE