COUNTRY REPORT : RISK ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS PRESENTER : TRAN THI THU DUNG ENVIRONMENTAL DEPARTMENT OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL COLLEGE VIETNAM

Ministry of Resource and Environment Administration Department Hydrological Department Meteorological Department Environmental Department Geodesy Department International Cooperation Department Hydrometeorological College Environmental Science Environmental Engineering Environmental Management ORGANIZATION CHART

MY RESPONSIBILITIES Teaching two subjects : Teaching two subjects : - Environmental analysis - Environmental monitoring Taking part in Environmental research Taking part in Environmental research

MAP OF VIET NAM Total population 80,665,700 80,665,700 Total area Total area 330,991km 2 330,991km 2

CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION N VIET NAM The present environmental protection policies in Vietnam is not suitable with the development. The present environmental protection policies in Vietnam is not suitable with the development. We are lack of : We are lack of : - Policies supporting environmental protection projects - Researches in waste treatment technologies We need to establish the policies and researches which appropriate with the present conditions in Vietnam We need to establish the policies and researches which appropriate with the present conditions in Vietnam

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM There are many sources of pollution in Vietnam : There are many sources of pollution in Vietnam : - Agriculture - Industry - Domestic - War

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM Agricultural sources can cause eutrophication and pesticide in run off water and pesticide residue in agricultural products Agricultural sources can cause eutrophication and pesticide in run off water and pesticide residue in agricultural products Research in Vinh Long (one of province in Mekong Delta) show that : Waste water from aquacultural households is discharged in to channel without any treatment. And other households will take this water for in put water. This can pollute surface water.

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM Industrial sources can cause pollutions of heavy metals and POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) Industrial sources can cause pollutions of heavy metals and POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) Air pollution (SO 2, NO x,CO,…) Air pollution (SO 2, NO x,CO,…) Industrial solid wastes are disposed together with municipal wastes at poorly designed dumpsites, allowing pollutants to leak into the groundwater. Furthermore, hazardous industrial wastes are not treated separately, but mixed with inert solid waste. Industrial solid wastes are disposed together with municipal wastes at poorly designed dumpsites, allowing pollutants to leak into the groundwater. Furthermore, hazardous industrial wastes are not treated separately, but mixed with inert solid waste.

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM Domestic waste sources can cause nutrient pollutants, bacteria, and solids waste Domestic waste sources can cause nutrient pollutants, bacteria, and solids waste Research in Ho Chi Minh city show that : there is about 5000 tons of solid waste per day. And the biggest problem is the leachate from the landfill especially in wet season. Flow rate : 800 m 3 /day COD  40,000 – 60,000 mg/l N-NH 3  1200 – 1800 mg/l

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM War toxicant has lasted over 28 years War toxicant has lasted over 28 years In the case of South – Viet nam, the most concern is Dioxin contamination because of its effects : In the case of South – Viet nam, the most concern is Dioxin contamination because of its effects : - Unsuccessful forest restoration - High deformity born children

REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM The law on Environmental Protection of Viet Nam was passed by the Viet Nam National Assembly on 27/2/1993 and came into force from 10/01/1994 The law on Environmental Protection of Viet Nam was passed by the Viet Nam National Assembly on 27/2/1993 and came into force from 10/01/1994 The regulations are not strictly and suitable although Vietnam already had Vietnamese Standards for environment The regulations are not strictly and suitable although Vietnam already had Vietnamese Standards for environment The fine for polluted factories is lower than the cost for pollution treatment therefore some factories accept to pay fine in stead of applying treatment system The fine for polluted factories is lower than the cost for pollution treatment therefore some factories accept to pay fine in stead of applying treatment system

TECHNOLOGIES OF TREATMENTS OF ENVIRONMNTAL POLLUTION IN VIETNAM There are some methods to treat environmental pollution in Vietnam : There are some methods to treat environmental pollution in Vietnam : - Physical methods - Chemical methods - Biological methods Nowadays, biological methods are paid attention to because they are useful and economically. Nowadays, biological methods are paid attention to because they are useful and economically.

MAJOR TECHNOLOGY FOR MONITORING ENVIRONMENT IN VIETNAM Technology for monitoring environmental pollution consists of : Technology for monitoring environmental pollution consists of : - Determination the sampling positions - Collecting samples - Storing samples - Analysing samples - Evaluating the results - Conclusion

RESEARCH RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Environmental Impacts assessment of Aquaculture in Vinh Long province (2003) Environmental Impacts assessment of Aquaculture in Vinh Long province (2003) The present stastus of Solid waste in Hochiminh city (2002) The present stastus of Solid waste in Hochiminh city (2002) Study about heavy metals in Cangio sea water (2000) Study about heavy metals in Cangio sea water (2000)

PICTURE FROM VINHLONG

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