Industrialization and the Gilded Age of Politics

I. Industrialization 1.Industrialization 2.Urbanization 3.Immigration

II. Technology 1.Edison 2.Ford

Technology (cont’d) 3.Other inventions 1.Refrigeration

III. Labor 1.Work like robots. 2.Employers take control 3.Women and kids 4.Unsafe 5.No benefits

6. Strikes!—Great RR Strike of 1877

IV. Unions 1.Better pay, conditions, hours 2.Knights of Labor 1.Blacks 2.Immigrants 3.Women 4.Skilled/Unskilled 3.Too general

Unions (cont’d) 4.Haymarket Riot American Federation of Labor (AFL) 6.Skilled; org. by craft 7.No women, blacks, Immigrants, unskilled

V. Women, Blacks, Immigrants 1.Women’s Trade Union League 2.Knights of Labor  only all inclusive union

VI. Corporate Giants 1.Supreme Court defends corporations as “citizens”!! 2.John D. Rockefeller 3.Horizontal Integration—One aspect of production 4.Monopoly

Corporate Giants (cont’d) 5.Andrew Carnegie 6.Vertical Integration—all aspects of an industry 7.U.S. Steel Corp. 8.JP Morgan 9.Financed such corporations

VII. Social Views 1.Darwin’s theory of “natural selection” is applied to humans  Social Darwinism 2.Survival of the fittest 3.Competition is good! 4.Wealthy used this as justification for their wealth

Social Views (cont’d) 5. Gospel of Wealth—Andrew Carnegie 6.Pursuit of wealth like a religion 7.Wealth means responsibility to give to the poor. 8.Money/Wealth is how success was measured 9.Many disagreed, of course

Social Views (cont’d) 10. Poor were viewed negatively 11. “You get what you deserve!”

VIII. Increase in Standard of Living 1.Mass goods 2.Mass ads 3.Luxury items 4.Rising incomes  status symbols

Increase in Standard of Living (cont’d) 5.More Leisure Time! The Great Frysinger Team

Vaudville Forerunner to film

Yellow Journalism

IX. Urbanization —U.S. Urban 2.Many moved to city  better life opportunity 3.Natural resources+RR+Industrialization=Urban growth 4.Suburbs  for the wealthy 5.Indoor plumbing, street lights, sewers, etc.

Urbanization (cont’d) 6. Inner cities= slums

7.Dumbbell Tenements 8.Cheap brick stories 10.Very small 11.No water, no RR 12. RR in basement for whole building!!