Strategic reforms of forestry sector in Serbia Belgrade, Directorate for forests Predrag Jović & Dragan Nonić

Contents Basic info: 1.State of resources 2.Policy and legislative reforms 3.Organizational reforms 4.International project activities Sustainable Forest Management and Nature Conservation in Serbia

1. Forest resources Serbia forest and forest land area ha 29.1% state forests 53,0 % private forests 47,0 %

Forest area: ha (29.1%) Volume: mil. m m3/ha Volume increment : mil. m3 4.0 m3/ha Number of trees: trees 939 trees/ha Land use (according to NFI, 2009)

Forests by species Tree speciesArea (ha)% Oak forests720, Beech forests660, Other broadleaves580, Conifers243, Poplar plantations48, TOTAL

Stand origin ha% Natural high stands621, Coppice stands1,456, Artificially established stands174, TOTAL

Forest ownership Ownershipha% State Private1,058, TOTAL

Protected areas in Serbia ( ha) protected areas

National parks in Serbia

2. Policy and legislative reforms Sustainable Forest Management and Nature Conservation in Serbia Sequence of undertaken activities:  Forestry Development Strategy (2006)  Law on forests (2010)  National Forest Action Programme  Reform of public forest administration and service

NEED for reforms Accumulated problems and needs within the sector Taken and future obligations at international level Reforms and need in other sectors

Taken and future obligations at international level (the most important)ConventionsCITESconvention Ramsar convention Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage CBD Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution UN FCCC EU STRATEGIES AND DIRECTIVES Strategy on the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources EU Sustainable Development Strategy Forestry Action Plan EU Directives of Council of Europe (Forest Focus) FORESTRY SECTOR GLOBAL AND REGIONAL INICIATIVES NATURA2000 MCPFE Agenda 21 UNFF

Private forest owners (cca 500,000) National parks (4) Wood industry Other sectors NGO (mostly ecology NGOs) Local communities Users of other forest goods and services Other governmental and non- governmental organizations and individuals Enterprises for state forest management (2) STRATEGY Participatory approach in development of strategy and legislations

FAO TCP – work on participation in several phases I phase – training of trainers for the use of participatory tools and methods (14 people from MoAFW, FF, PE) II phase – workshops with private forest owners (special importance) and with other stakeholders, survey, interviews in households, public presentations and media appearance III phase – development of the draft of Forestry Development Strategy of the Republic of Serbia IV phase – repeated check of documents in public (5 workshops) TOTAL 25 WORKSHOPS DURING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT, PRESENTED FOR MORE THAN 400 PEOPLE AND INTERVIEWED MORE THAN 350 PEOPLE ADOPTION in 2006

FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ROLE OF THE STATE IN DEVELOPMENT OF THE FORESTRY SECTOR (preservation and improvement of forests and development of forestry as industry) ROLE OF THE SECTOR IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, PRESERVATION, IMPROVEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURE STATUS AND CARE FOR FORESTS (state and private) STATUS AND CARE FOR GAME WOOD INDUSTRY AND PRODUCTS MARKET EDUCATION AND TRAINING RESEARCH INFORMATION AND PUBLIC RELATIOINS INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL COOPERATION Goals...(1)

STRATEGIJA RAZVOJA ŠUMARSTVA Support to implementation... (2) Sectoral planning Investments in sector Sector coordination Reform of institutions Forestry legislation International and regional cooperation Monitoring and evaluation of sector

Strategic framework STRATEGY REQUIREMENTS IN RELATION TO LEGAL SOLUTIONS: - -sustainable forest management; - -establishing mechanisms for the participation of stakeholders in forestry development; - -setting the framework for coordination and planning in the sector; - -defining roles and responsibilities of institutions and stakeholders in the forestry sector and establishing of clear relations between the State and enterprises for state forest management; - -establishing of real and functional system of financing in forestry; - -defining the optimal model of organization of state forest service for forest management; - -compliance with ratified international conventions and protocols in the field of forestry and EU legal order (Acquis Communautaire). FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Legal framework Constitution of the RS (2006) LAW ON FORESTS Undertaken international obligations (global and regional level, acquis communautaire) Laws: 1.Set of laws on environmental protection(2004) 2.PPS (1996) 3.Law on water (1991) 4.Law on agricultural land (2005) 5.Law on NP (1993) 6.Law on assets owned by RS(1995) 7.Company Law(2004) 8.Law on forests reproductive material (2004) 9.Law on public enterprises 10.Law on public agencies 11.Other laws National sectoral strategies

3. Organizational reforms of the sector PUBLIC ENTERPRISES Ministry of environment and spatial planning Ministry of agriculture, trade, forestry and water management PE SrbijašumePE Vojvodinašume 5 PE National parks SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Institute for forestry Faculty of Forestry Faculty of Biology Institute for lowland forestry and environment Natural history Museum NGO AND ASOCIATIONS NGO in environment NGO in forestry PFOs associations

Organization of forestry PROBLEMS: - -Overlapping of rights and responsibilities of organizations, - -Inefficiency in the sustainable forest management implementation, - -Conflict of interests in performing certain tasks of public interests, - -Unsatisfactory treatment of private forests, - -Restructuring of PEs, - -Emergence of new “big” forest owners (churches, cooperatives, landowners) ASSESIBLE SOLUTION: - -Redefined roles and responsibilities and relationships between organs and organizations in sector by clear functional division (executive, supervisory, support and ownership function), - -Establishment of new institution with defined assignments, - -Definition of rights and obligations of state forest users, - -Support to private forest owners associating

1. 1.Forest policy (as sectoral strategy) – adopted in 2006; 2. 2.Law on forests – adopted in 2010; 3. 3.Law on game and hunting – adopted in 2010; 4. 4.National forest inventory – done and published in 2009; 5. 5.NFAP – prepared and soon in process of adoption; 6. 6.Elaboration of Study of financing and study of forest valuing; 7. 7.Restructuring of public enterprises – ongoing; 8. 8.Organizational reform and capacity building of Directorate for forests; 9. 9.Support to private forest owners associating – established 20 local and 1 national association; Institutional capacity building – on different levels; Intensive international cooperation – ongoing (MCPFE, UNFF & other) WHAT IS DONE SO FAR…

FUND FOR FORESTS SPECIAL PURPOSE ACCOUNT SPECIAL PURPOSE ACCOUNT FOR PROTECTION AND IMPROVEMENT OFFOREST INPUTS OUTPUTS REŠENJA PREDLOŽENA NA OSNOVU REZULTATA STUDIJE FINANSIRANJA I VREDNOVANJA SEKTORA ŠUMARSTVA 1.REPRODUKCIJA ŠUMA, 2.PUTEVI, 3.RAZVOJNI RAD, 4.PROMOCIJA SFM (na bazi definisane godišnje podsticajne politike) 1.Naknada za korišćenje šuma i šumskog zemljišta u svojini države, 2.Naknada za obavljanje poslova sa javnim ovlašćenjima u privatnim šumama, 3.Naknada za šumsko zemljišta u svojini države dato u zakup, 4. 4.Doprinos za podizanje novih šuma i unapređenje opšte-korisnih funkcija šuma, 5.Prihod ostvaren po osnovu otuđivanja državnih šuma i šumskog zemljišta, 6.Budžet, 7.Sredstva ostvarena oduzimanjem i prodajom nezakonito stečene koristi iz šume 8.Sredstva za iskrčenu šumu u postupku promene namene šuma, 9.Ostali izvori

FAO GCP/FRY/003/FIN "Forest Sector Development in Serbia“ ( ) Technical Cooperation Programme - TCP/YUG/2902: “Institutional Development and Capacity Building for the National Forest Programme” ( ) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – UN FAO Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management Directorate of Forests 4. International project activities

Government program of cooperation "Forest Sector Development in Serbia " (GCP/FRY/003/FIN) UN FAO

2003. FAO TCP/YUG/2902(A) “Institutional development and capacity building for NFP of Serbia” NFG (Norway) “Program for forestry sector of Serbia” (phase I) CESO (Kanada) technical assistance – PR Strategy of forestry sector; ISO standards for state administration; preparation for forest certification NFG (Norway) Program for forestry sector of Serbia (phase II) Obf Consulting (Austria Obf Consulting (Austria) The development plan for the implementation of restructuring PE "Srbijašume" through participation NFG (Norway) Program for forestry sector of Serbia (phase III) FAO GCP/003/FIN “Development of forestry sector in Serbia” EFI – Finland FOPER DIRECTORATE FOR FORESTS AND OSCE – Preparation of the law on forest reproductive material (in use from the beginning of 2005) Projects which support the process… EFI – Finland: FOPER 2

NFG PROJECTS 3. NFG (Norway) “Program for forestry sector of Serbia” (phases I-III) faza I: I NACIONALNA INVENTURA ŠUMA SRBIJE II IMPLEMENTACIJA GIS-a U ŠUMARSTVU III TEHNIČKA PODRŠKA REVITALIZACIJI DRVNE INDUSTRIJE U ISTOČNOJ SRBIJI (pilot) faza II: I NACIONALNA INVENTURA ŠUMA SRBIJA II RAZVOJ PRAKTIČNIH APLIKACIJA U OPERATIVNOM PLANIRANJU (I RAZVOJ GIS-A U OVU SVRHU) III JAČANJE KAPACITETA ZA UPOTREBU GIS TEHNOLOGIJE U ADMINISTRACIJI IV PLANIRANJE GAZDOVANJA ŠUMAMA (RAZVOJ COST-EFFICIENT METODA NA PILOT PODRUČJU) faza III: I DALJI RAZVOJ COST-EFFICIENT METODA II SERTIFIKACIJA ŠUMA

National forest inventory of the Republic of Serbia(2004/07) Directorate for forests, Faculty of Forestry, NFG (Norway)

OBF PROJECT 4. Obf Consulting (Austria) “The development plan for the implementation of restructuring PE "Srbijašume" through participation”

Thank you for attention!!! Sustainable Forest Management and Nature Conservation in Serbia