E-government models Lecture 8

E-government model Model Varieties A scheme of organization Facets Descriptive (Positive, IS) Predictive (Will be) Normative (Should be) Varieties Information based model Business based model Service based model Participation based model

E-government model Technology based Models chase new and emerging technologies Web based e-government models Wireless networks based (e.g. M-government) Interoperability based Technological interoperability Ability of different devices to communicate with each other Standardization Organizational interoperability Ability of different organizations to process and act on information Normalization of operating procedures Component based A self-contained business process or service with predetermined functionality that may be exposed through a business or technology interface Cross Agency collaboration [Pay.gov]

Need for Model Improved government responsiveness Simplified delivery of enhanced government services More efficient government Information sharing Transparency, security, and resilience

Federal Enterprise Architecture A business-based framework for government-wide improvement Budget Allocation; Information Sharing; Performance Measurement; Budget / Performance Integration; Cross-Agency Collaboration; E-Government; Component-Based Architectures The FEA is constructed through a collection of interrelated “reference models” designed to facilitate cross-agency analysis and the identification of duplicative investments, gaps, and opportunities for collaboration within and across Federal Agencies.

Federal Enterprise Architecture Performance Reference Model Standardized framework to measure the performance of major IT investments and their contribution to program performance Help produce enhanced performance information to improve strategic and daily decision-making; Improve the alignment — and better articulate the contribution of — inputs to outputs and outcomes, thereby creating a clear “line of sight” to desired results; and Identify performance improvement opportunities that span traditional organizational structures and boundaries

Federal Enterprise Architecture Business Reference Model Function-driven framework for describing the business operations of the Federal Government, independent of the agencies that perform them Provides an organized, hierarchical construct for describing the day-to-day business operations Lines of Business and Sub-functions represents a departure from previous models Four areas: Services For Citizens; Mode of Delivery; Support Delivery of Services; Management of Government Resources

Federal Enterprise Architecture Service Reference Model Business-driven, functional framework classifying Service Components according to how they support business and performance objectives. Serves to identify and classify horizontal and vertical Service Components supporting federal agencies and their IT investments and assets. Service domains: Customer Services; Process Automation Services; Business Management Services; Digital Asset Services; Business Analytical Services; Back Office Services; Support Services

Federal Enterprise Architecture Technical Reference Model Component-driven, technical framework categorizing the standards and technologies to support and enable the delivery of Service Components and capabilities. Enables reuse and standardization of technology and Service Components from a government-wide perspective. Economies of scale Four service areas: Service Access and Delivery; Service Platform and Infrastructure; Component Framework; Service Interface and Integration

Federal Enterprise Architecture Data Reference Model The DRM provides a standard means by which data may be described, categorized, and shared DRM identifies duplicative data resources. A common data model will streamline information exchange processes within the Federal government and between government and external stakeholders. Three standardization areas: Data Description; Data Context; Data Sharing

Examples CORE.GOV PAY.GOV http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/assets/fea_docs/FEA_XML_Doc_Rev_2_3.xml