Chapter 13 Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms

Chapter 13-Worksheet 1 Read Page 337 Name the Disorder or Disease

Hematomas

1 2 3

Aneurysm

Exercise 8

Closed Spinal Cord Injuries Due to excessive bending or extension of the spine: Hyperflexion of the cervical vertebrae Hyperextension of the cervical vertebrae Vertical Compression of the lumbar spine and the cervical spine.

Hyperflexion (beyond normal bending) (of the cervical vertebrae)

Hyperextension (beyond normal maximum extension) (of the cervical vertebrae)

Vertical Compression of the lumbar spine and the cervical spine.

Read pp Do Worksheet 2

Page 340 in English

Page 341 in English

Paralysis

Electroencephalography

Multiple Sclerosis

Parkinson’s Disease

Exercise 9

Psychological Disorders Term/DisorderDefinition Psychosomaticpertaining to the mind-body relationship or having physical symptoms of emotional origin PsychosisAny major mental disorder characterized by a gross impairment in reality testing and often characterized by inappropriate mood and diminished impulse control SchizophreniaA psychosis characterized by distortion of reality, disorganization, fragmentation of thought, and withdrawal from social interaction. Bipolar DisordersA psychosis characterized by manic episodes, major depression, or mixed moods. PyromaniaAn impulse control disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to set fires.

American Psycho (Psychosis) 4I

Psychological Disorders DisorderDefinition Clinical Depressionabnormal emotional state, characterized by exaggerated feelings of sadness, despair, emptiness, and hopelessness. NeurosesA person in distress, there is no apparent cause. Anxiety Disorders(include panic attacks) characterized by intense terror or apprehension accompanied by difficulty breathing, sweating, chest pain, or racing of the heart. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)a type of anxiety disorders characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts, ideas, feelings (obsessions), or repetitive acts (compulsions). Phobiaa persistent, irrational fear of something specific. AgoraphobiaFear of open spaces, of being outside, or in a public place.

Archnophobia Fear of spiders 9DF214o

Psychological Disorders DisorderDefinition Anorexia Nervosaeating disorder primarily seen in teenagers characterized by a prolonged refusal to eat Neurasthenianervous condition characterized by chronic weakness, fatigue, and sometimes exhaustion. Autismcharacterized by withdrawal and impaired development in social interaction and communication Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) characterized by short attention span, poor communication, and in ADHD, hyperactivity Alzheimer Diseasea progressive mental deterioration with several characteristics, including confusion, memory failure, disorientation, restlessness, and inability to carry out purposeful movement, The symptoms worsen with age.

Exercise 10

Chapter 13 Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions

Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 1 InterventionDefinition craniotomyany surgical opening into the skull cranioplastysurgical repair of the skull after surgery or injury to the skull shunts passages or bypasses between 2 vessels are used to redirect CSF from one area to another using a tube or an implanted device

Stereotactic Radiosurgery involves closed-skull destruction of a target (e.g. tumor) using ionizing radiation. The patient’s head is held in a frame. In a gamma knife procedure, a high dose of radiation is delivered to precisely targeted tumor tissue.

Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 2 InterventionDefinition Neuroplastyplastic surgery to repair a nerve or nerves Neurorrhaphysuturing of a cut nerve Neurolysisseveral meanings: release of a nerve sheath by cutting it longitudinally surgery to break up adhesions surrounding a nerve relief of tension on a nerve disintegration of nerve tissue

Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 3 InterventionDefinition Nerve Blockused to reduce pain by temporarily blocking transmission of nerve impulses. Can be used short term (after surgery) or long term (for chronic pain) Analgesicsagents that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness Hypnoticsdrugs often used as sedatives to produce a calming effect Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) method of pain control by the application of electrical impulses to the nerve endings pain signals to the brain are blocked by electrical impulses generated by a stimulator attached to electrodes on the skin

Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 4 InterventionDefinition Anticonvulsantsrelieve or prevent convulsions Antipyreticsreduce fever Antiparkinsonian drugsused to treat Parkinson disease

Exercise 11

Chapter 13 SELF TEST

Chapter 13 SELF TEST Answers

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