Glycolysis Animation hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter25/animation__ho w_glycolysis_works.html

Bridging (Transition) Process Aerobic  requires O 2 as final electron acceptor (happens in ETC) Location --inside mitochondria “One-Two Punch” Carbonyl group released as CO2 NAD + reduced to NADH Leaves Acetyl--picked up by CoA & becomes Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA intermediate in all catabolism (esp. fats & proteins) Surplus of ATP  acetyl-CoA gets stored as lipid Little ATP  acetyl-CoA enters Krebs cycle & makes ATP

Krebs Cycle aka Citric Acid Cycle Location--Matrix of mitochondria Aerobic  requires O 2 as final e- acceptor Produces: CO2 (from carbonyl) NADH FADH 2 ATP

Learning Targets 5. Compare and contrast substrate level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosphorylation.

Background Info: Phosphorylation Transfer of phosphate group AND energy Enzyme-mediated ATP Synthase ATPase

Oxidative Phosphorylation e - transferred to oxygen through proton pumps  builds up proton gradient Generates ATP through ATP Synthase Occurs in inner membrane of Mitochondria

Photophosphorylation powered by Photosystems (found only in chloroplasts  photosynthesis) Final e- acceptor is NADP+

Substrate Level Phosphorylation Phosphate transferred from a molecule (substrate) to ADP Forms ATP direct

Electron Transport Chains (General) Stepwise transfer of electrons through a series of redox reactions Dehydrogenase removes 2 H atoms from molecule  transfers 2 e - & 1 proton to NAD + Allows 1 H + to diffuse into cell (building a concentration gradient WRITE DOWN ONLY WHAT YOU ARE UNCOMFORTABLE WITH/FEEL UNSURE ABOUT!! Do less work, not more!!!

CR: First Electron Acceptor NAD + (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) NAD +  NADH WRITE DOWN ONLY WHAT YOU ARE UNCOMFORTABLE WITH/FEEL UNSURE ABOUT!! Do less work, not more!!!

CR: Final electron acceptor  O 2