1. AP & Pre-AP Biology Serrano High School
Cellular Respiration
AP & Pre-AP Biology
Serrano High School

2. The Equation C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H20 + ATP C6H12O6 = glucose
6O2 = oxygen gas
6CO2 = carbon dioxide
6H20 = water
ATP = energy

3. Redox Reaction C6H12O6 O2 Loses electrons Oxidized to CO2
Gains electrons
Reduced to H2O

4. What happens….. High energy electrons (e-) Stripped from C6H12O6
Used to do work - create H+ concentration gradient
Finally accepted by oxygen (O2)

5. Mitochondria
Site of cellular respiration
Structure

6. Mitochondria Relating structure to function Intermembrane space
Allows for the accumulation of H+
Membranes not permeable to H+

7. Mitochondria Relating structure to function Inner membrane Cristae
Large surface area for ETC

8. Mitochondria Relating structure to function Matrix
Segregates chemicals of Krebs cycle

9. NADH Production Enzymes dehydrogenases 2 e- + 1 H+ + NAD+  NADH
Remove 2 hydrogens (2 H+ and 2 e-) from substrate
Add 2 electrons and 1 H+ to NAD+
2 e H+ + NAD+  NADH
NAD+ reduced

10. Glycolysis

11. Glycolysis

12. Glycolysis
Energy investment
Uses 2 ATP molecules
Splits glucose

13. Glycolysis Energy yielding
4 ATP molecules produced by substrate level phosphorylation
2 pyruvate (3-C) produced
Electrons transferred to NAD+
2 NADH produced

14. Glycolysis Location Cytosol of cell Outside mitochondria
Cytosol – outside mitochondrion

15. Acetyl CoA Prep CO2 removed from pyruvate NADH produced
Coenzyme A added to acetyl group (2-C)
Acetyl CoA produced
Location = matrix of mitochondria

16. Krebs Cycle

17. Krebs Cycle

18. Krebs Cycle - One Turn
Acetyl group (2-C) added to oxaloacetate (4-C) forming citrate (6-C)
2 CO2 lost
3 NAD+ reduced to 3 NADH
1 FAD reduced to 1 FADH2
1 ATP produced by substrate level phosphorylation
Oxaloacetate regenerated

19. Krebs Cycle – 1 Glucose – 2 Turns
4 CO2 lost
6 NAD+ reduced to 6 NADH
2 FAD reduced to 2 FADH2
2 ATP produced by substrate level phosphorylation

20. Krebs Cycle
Location = matrix of mitochondria

21. ETC & Oxidative Phosphorylation

22. ETC & Oxidative Phosphorylation

23. ETC & Oxidative Phosphorylation
NADH & FADH2 pass electrons to molecules in electron transport chain
Electrons passed from molecule to molecule
When some molecules accept electrons they must also accept H+
H+ released into intermembrane space when electrons passed to next molecule

24. ETC & Oxidative Phosphorylation
Energy from electrons used to move H+ into intermembrane space
Electrons accepted by oxygen
2e H+ + ½ O2  H2O

25. ETC & Oxidative Phosphorylation
Channel proteins allow H+ to diffuse down concentration gradient
ATP synthase uses KE of H+ moving down concentration gradient to add P to ADP making ATP

26. ATP Production Glycolysis Krebs 4 ATP (2 net)
Substrate level phosphorylation
Krebs
2 ATP

27. ATP Production ETC & oxidative phosphorylation
2 NADH from glycolysis = 4 to 6 ATP
2 NADH from acetyl CoA prep = 6 ATP
6 NADH from Krebs cycle = 18 ATP
2 FADH2 from Krebs cycle = 4 ATP

28. ATP Production
Total = 36 to 38 ATP per glucose